upcast和downcast的作用

public class father {
    public void method( father n){
        System.out.println("this is father method use father parameter");
    }
    public  void method( child n){
        System.out.println("this is child method use child parameter");
    }
}

class child extends father
{
    public void method( father n){
        System.out.println("this is child method use father parameter");
    }
    public   void method( child n){
        System.out.println("this is child method use child parameter");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        child childVariable = new child( );
        father fatherVariable=childVariable; //upcasting
        fatherVariable.method( fatherVariable );//会调用子类的method，因为存储的reference
                                                // address是子类的object
                                                //并且优先调用的是当前object类型(father)
                                                //为parameter的method
        childVariable=(child)fatherVariable;//downcasting，当且仅当还原数据类型时使用
        childVariable.method(childVariable);//会调用子类的method，因为存储的reference
                                            // address是子类的object
                                            //并且优先调用的是当前object类型(child)
                                            //为parameter的method
        father fatherVariable2=new father();
        child childVariable2=(child)fatherVariable2;   //报错，因为是downcasting
    }
}