#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#define GLOBALMEM_SIZE 0X1000 //全局内存大小
#define MEM_CLEAR 0x1 //清零全局内存
#define GLOBALMEM_MAJOR 250 //主设备号
static int globalmem_major = GLOBALMEM_MAJOR;
//设备结构体
struct globalmem_dev{
struct cdev cdev; //cdev 结构体
unsigned char mem[GLOBALMEM_SIZE];
struct semaphore sem; //并发控制用的信号量,由于要调用copy_from_user这些函数,可能导致阻塞的函数,不能用自旋锁,用信号量
};
struct globalmem_dev *globalmem_devp; //设备结构体指针
//文件打开
int globalmem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
struct globalmem_dev *dev;
dev = container_of(inode->i_cdev, struct globalmem_dev, cdev);
filp->private_data = globalmem_devp; //设备结构体指针赋值给文件私有数据指针
return 0;
}
//文件释放
int globalmem_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
return 0;
}
//ioctl 设备控制
static int globalmem_ioctl(struct inode *inodep, struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; //获得设备结构体指针
switch (cmd){
case MEM_CLEAR:
if(down_interruptible(&dev->sem))//获得信号量 进入睡眠的进程可被信号打断
return -ERESTARTSYS;
memset(dev->mem, 0, GLOBALMEM_SIZE);
printk(KERN_INFO "globalmem is set to zero\n");
up(&dev->sem);//释放信号量
break;
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
//read
static ssize_t globalmem_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
int ret = 0;
struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; //获得设备结构体指针
//分析和获取有效写长度
if( p >= GLOBALMEM_SIZE)
return 0;
if(count > GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p)
count = GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p;
if(down_interruptible(&dev->sem))//获得信号量 进入睡眠的进程可被信号打断
return -ERESTARTSYS;
//内核空间->用户空间
if(copy_to_user(buf, (void*)(dev->mem + p), count)){
ret = -EFAULT;
}else{
*ppos += count;
ret = count;
printk(KERN_INFO "read %u bytes(s) from %lu \n", count, p);
}
up(&dev->sem);//释放信号量
return ret;
}
//写函数
static ssize_t globalmem_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
int ret = 0;
struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; //获得设备结构体指针
//分析和获取有效写长度
if( p >= GLOBALMEM_SIZE)
return 0;
if(count > GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p)
count = GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p;
if(down_interruptible(&dev->sem))//获得信号量 进入睡眠的进程可被信号打断
return -ERESTARTSYS;
//用户空间 -> 内核空间
if(copy_from_user(dev->mem + p, buf, count))
ret = -EFAULT;
else{
*ppos += count;
ret = count;
printk(KERN_INFO "written %u bytes(s) from %lu\n", count, p);
}
up(&dev->sem);//释放信号量
return ret;
}
//seek 文件定位
static loff_t globalmem_llseek(struct file *filp, loff_t offset, int orig)
{
loff_t ret = 0;
switch(orig){
case 0://相对文件开始位置偏移
if(offset < 0){
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
if((unsigned int)offset > GLOBALMEM_SIZE){
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
case 1://相对文件当前位置偏移
if((filp->f_pos + offset) > GLOBALMEM_SIZE){
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
if((filp->f_pos + offset) < 0){
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
filp->f_pos += offset;
ret = filp->f_pos;
break;
default:
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
return ret;
}
//文件操作结构体
static const struct file_operations globalmem_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.llseek = globalmem_llseek,
.read = globalmem_read,
.write = globalmem_write,
.ioctl = globalmem_ioctl,
.open = globalmem_open,
.release = globalmem_release,
};
// 初始化并注册cdev
static void globalmem_setup_cdev(struct globalmem_dev *dev, int index)
{
int err, devno = MKDEV(globalmem_major, index);
cdev_init(&dev->cdev, &globalmem_fops);
dev->cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
err = cdev_add(&dev->cdev, devno, 1);
if(err)
printk(KERN_NOTICE "error %d adding globalmem %d", err , index);
}
//设备加载
int globalmem_init()
{
int result ;
dev_t devno = MKDEV(globalmem_major, 0);
//申请设备号
if(globalmem_major)
result = register_chrdev_region(devno, 2, "globalmem");
else{ // 动态分配
result = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 2, "globalmem");
globalmem_major = MAJOR(devno);
}
if(result <0)
return result;
//动态申请设备结构体的内体
globalmem_devp = kmalloc(2*sizeof(struct globalmem_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
if(!globalmem_devp){//申请失败
result = -ENOMEM;
goto fail_malloc;
}
memset(globalmem_devp, 0, 2*sizeof(struct globalmem_dev));
globalmem_setup_cdev(&globalmem_devp[0], 0);
globalmem_setup_cdev(&globalmem_devp[1], 1);
init_MUTEX(&globalmem_devp->sem); //初始化信号量,
return 0;
fail_malloc:
unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 1);
return result;
}
//模块卸载函数
void globalmem_exit()
{
cdev_del(&(globalmem_devp[0].cdev)); // 注销cdev
cdev_del(&(globalmem_devp[1].cdev)); // 注销cdev
kfree(globalmem_devp); // 释放设备结构体内存
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(globalmem_major, 0), 2); //释放设备号
}
MODULE_AUTHOR("lunge");
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
module_param(globalmem_major, int, S_IRUGO);//模块参数 insmod xxx.ko globalmem_major= 1000
module_init(globalmem_init);
module_exit(globalmem_exit);
from: 设备驱动开发详解2,宋宝华
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#define GLOBALMEM_SIZE 0X1000 //全局内存大小
#define MEM_CLEAR 0x1 //清零全局内存
#define GLOBALMEM_MAJOR 250 //主设备号
static int globalmem_major = GLOBALMEM_MAJOR;
//设备结构体
struct globalmem_dev{
struct cdev cdev; //cdev 结构体
unsigned char mem[GLOBALMEM_SIZE];
struct semaphore sem; //并发控制用的信号量,由于要调用copy_from_user这些函数,可能导致阻塞的函数,不能用自旋锁,用信号量
};
struct globalmem_dev *globalmem_devp; //设备结构体指针
//文件打开
int globalmem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
struct globalmem_dev *dev;
dev = container_of(inode->i_cdev, struct globalmem_dev, cdev);
filp->private_data = globalmem_devp; //设备结构体指针赋值给文件私有数据指针
return 0;
}
//文件释放
int globalmem_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
return 0;
}
//ioctl 设备控制
static int globalmem_ioctl(struct inode *inodep, struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; //获得设备结构体指针
switch (cmd){
case MEM_CLEAR:
if(down_interruptible(&dev->sem))//获得信号量 进入睡眠的进程可被信号打断
return -ERESTARTSYS;
memset(dev->mem, 0, GLOBALMEM_SIZE);
printk(KERN_INFO "globalmem is set to zero\n");
up(&dev->sem);//释放信号量
break;
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
//read
static ssize_t globalmem_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
int ret = 0;
struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; //获得设备结构体指针
//分析和获取有效写长度
if( p >= GLOBALMEM_SIZE)
return 0;
if(count > GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p)
count = GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p;
if(down_interruptible(&dev->sem))//获得信号量 进入睡眠的进程可被信号打断
return -ERESTARTSYS;
//内核空间->用户空间
if(copy_to_user(buf, (void*)(dev->mem + p), count)){
ret = -EFAULT;
}else{
*ppos += count;
ret = count;
printk(KERN_INFO "read %u bytes(s) from %lu \n", count, p);
}
up(&dev->sem);//释放信号量
return ret;
}
//写函数
static ssize_t globalmem_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
int ret = 0;
struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; //获得设备结构体指针
//分析和获取有效写长度
if( p >= GLOBALMEM_SIZE)
return 0;
if(count > GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p)
count = GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p;
if(down_interruptible(&dev->sem))//获得信号量 进入睡眠的进程可被信号打断
return -ERESTARTSYS;
//用户空间 -> 内核空间
if(copy_from_user(dev->mem + p, buf, count))
ret = -EFAULT;
else{
*ppos += count;
ret = count;
printk(KERN_INFO "written %u bytes(s) from %lu\n", count, p);
}
up(&dev->sem);//释放信号量
return ret;
}
//seek 文件定位
static loff_t globalmem_llseek(struct file *filp, loff_t offset, int orig)
{
loff_t ret = 0;
switch(orig){
case 0://相对文件开始位置偏移
if(offset < 0){
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
if((unsigned int)offset > GLOBALMEM_SIZE){
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
case 1://相对文件当前位置偏移
if((filp->f_pos + offset) > GLOBALMEM_SIZE){
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
if((filp->f_pos + offset) < 0){
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
filp->f_pos += offset;
ret = filp->f_pos;
break;
default:
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
return ret;
}
//文件操作结构体
static const struct file_operations globalmem_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.llseek = globalmem_llseek,
.read = globalmem_read,
.write = globalmem_write,
.ioctl = globalmem_ioctl,
.open = globalmem_open,
.release = globalmem_release,
};
// 初始化并注册cdev
static void globalmem_setup_cdev(struct globalmem_dev *dev, int index)
{
int err, devno = MKDEV(globalmem_major, index);
cdev_init(&dev->cdev, &globalmem_fops);
dev->cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
err = cdev_add(&dev->cdev, devno, 1);
if(err)
printk(KERN_NOTICE "error %d adding globalmem %d", err , index);
}
//设备加载
int globalmem_init()
{
int result ;
dev_t devno = MKDEV(globalmem_major, 0);
//申请设备号
if(globalmem_major)
result = register_chrdev_region(devno, 2, "globalmem");
else{ // 动态分配
result = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 2, "globalmem");
globalmem_major = MAJOR(devno);
}
if(result <0)
return result;
//动态申请设备结构体的内体
globalmem_devp = kmalloc(2*sizeof(struct globalmem_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
if(!globalmem_devp){//申请失败
result = -ENOMEM;
goto fail_malloc;
}
memset(globalmem_devp, 0, 2*sizeof(struct globalmem_dev));
globalmem_setup_cdev(&globalmem_devp[0], 0);
globalmem_setup_cdev(&globalmem_devp[1], 1);
init_MUTEX(&globalmem_devp->sem); //初始化信号量,
return 0;
fail_malloc:
unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 1);
return result;
}
//模块卸载函数
void globalmem_exit()
{
cdev_del(&(globalmem_devp[0].cdev)); // 注销cdev
cdev_del(&(globalmem_devp[1].cdev)); // 注销cdev
kfree(globalmem_devp); // 释放设备结构体内存
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(globalmem_major, 0), 2); //释放设备号
}
MODULE_AUTHOR("lunge");
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
module_param(globalmem_major, int, S_IRUGO);//模块参数 insmod xxx.ko globalmem_major= 1000
module_init(globalmem_init);
module_exit(globalmem_exit);
from: 设备驱动开发详解2,宋宝华