System: Simple Beautiful Protection lock_guard

Sample

// Why Simple, Why Beautifu

#include <mutex>
#include <thread>

int g_var = 1;

std::mutex mtx;

static void thread_1_handler(void)
{
    {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(mtx);
        g_var = 3;
    }
}

int main(void)
{
    {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(mtx);
        g_var = 2;
    }

    std::thread thread_1(thread_1_handler);
    return 0;
}

How works

//use reference, and de-contructure when out of variable range
  
template<typename _Mutex>
    class lock_guard
    {
    public:
      typedef _Mutex mutex_type;

      explicit lock_guard(mutex_type& __m) : _M_device(__m)
      { _M_device.lock(); }

      lock_guard(mutex_type& __m, adopt_lock_t) noexcept : _M_device(__m)
      { } // calling thread owns mutex

      ~lock_guard()
      { _M_device.unlock(); }

      lock_guard(const lock_guard&) = delete;
      lock_guard& operator=(const lock_guard&) = delete;

    private:
      mutex_type&  _M_device;
    };