窗口风格常量

窗口风格 常量

WS_BODER 窗口具有细线边框
WS_CAPTION 窗口具有标题栏(包含 WS_BODER)
WS_CHILD 创建一个子窗口(此风格不能与 WS_POPUP 一起使用 )
WS_CHILDWINDOW 与 WS_CHILD 相同
WS_CLIPHILDREN 当在父窗口中画图时,绕开子窗口占有的区域。
WS_CLIPSBLINGS 裁剪相互关联的子窗口,使一个特殊 的子窗口收到 WS_PAINT 消息时,仅对自身窗口起作用。此式样仅适合具有 WS_CHILD 风格的窗口。
WS_DISABLED 创建一个开始时禁止的窗口
WS_DLGFRAME 创建一个具有某种式样的边框的窗口,该式样一般与对话框一起使用,具有该式样的窗口不能有一个标题栏。
WS_GROUP 指定一组控制中的第一个控制,具有该式样控制的下一个控制终止当前控制组,并且开始下一个控制组。
WS_HSCROLL 窗口具有水平滚动条
WS_VSCROOL 窗口具有垂直滚动条
WS_MAXIMIZE 窗口初始时最大化
WS_MINIMIZE 窗口初始时最小化
WS_MINIMIZEBOX 窗口具有最小化按钮
WS_MAXIMIZEBOX 窗口具有最大化按钮
WS_OVERLAPPED 重叠 式窗口,该式样窗口 带有一个标题栏和边框
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW 具有WS_OVERLAPPED,WS_CAPTION,WS_SYSMENU,WS_THICKFRAM,
WS_MINIMIZEBOX,WS_MAXIMIZEBOX 式样的重叠式窗口

WS_POPUP 弹出式窗口,不能与 WS_CHILD 一起使用
WS_POPUPWINDOW 具有 WS_BODER,WS_POPUP,WS_SYSMENU 式样的弹出式窗口。为了使 SYSTEM 菜单(也叫 CONTROL 菜单可见),必须将 WS_CAPTION与 WS_POPUPWINDOW 式样组合使用。
WS_SYSMENU 具有 SYSTEM 菜单栏,还必须指定 WS_CAPTION 式样
WS_THICKFRAME 具有可调边框
WS_VISIBLE 窗口初始时可见

扩展 口风格 常量

WS_EX_ACCEPTFILES 窗口可接收拖放文件
WS_EX_DLGMODALFRAME 具有双线边框
WS_EX_NOPARENTNOTIFY 当一个子窗口创建或取消时,不向其父窗口发送WM_PARENTNOTIFY 消息

WS_EX_TOPMOST 窗口放在所有非顶层窗口之上,即使窗口 不工作。


支持 3D 外观的扩展风格

WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE 为应用程序的主工作空间创建一个下陷的客户区,例如一个字处理程序的文本窗口

WS_EX_STATICEDGE 为只用于输出的窗口创建下陷的客户区。

 

 

FROM MSDN:

  • WS_BORDER    Creates a window that has a border.

  • WS_CAPTION    Creates a window that has a title bar (implies the WS_BORDER style). Cannot be used with the WS_DLGFRAME style.

  • WS_CHILD    Creates a child window. Cannot be used with the WS_POPUP style.

  • WS_CHILDWINDOW    Same as the WS_CHILD style.

  • WS_CLIPCHILDREN    Excludes the area occupied by child windows when you draw within the parent window. Used when you create the parent window.

  • WS_CLIPSIBLINGS    Clips child windows relative to each other; that is, when a particular child window receives a paint message, the WS_CLIPSIBLINGS style clips all other overlapped child windows out of the region of the child window to be updated. (If WS_CLIPSIBLINGS is not given and child windows overlap, when you draw within the client area of a child window, it is possible to draw within the client area of a neighboring child window.) For use with the WS_CHILD style only.

  • WS_DISABLED    Creates a window that is initially disabled.

  • WS_DLGFRAME    Creates a window with a double border but no title.

  • WS_GROUP    Specifies the first control of a group of controls in which the user can move from one control to the next with the arrow keys. All controls defined with the WS_GROUP style FALSE after the first control belong to the same group. The next control with the WS_GROUP style starts the next group (that is, one group ends where the next begins).

  • WS_HSCROLL    Creates a window that has a horizontal scroll bar.

  • WS_ICONIC    Creates a window that is initially minimized. Same as the WS_MINIMIZE style.

  • WS_MAXIMIZE    Creates a window of maximum size.

  • WS_MAXIMIZEBOX    Creates a window that has a Maximize button.

  • WS_MINIMIZE    Creates a window that is initially minimized. For use with the WS_OVERLAPPED style only.

  • WS_MINIMIZEBOX    Creates a window that has a Minimize button.

  • WS_OVERLAPPED    Creates an overlapped window. An overlapped window usually has a caption and a border.

  • WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW    Creates an overlapped window with the WS_OVERLAPPED , WS_CAPTION , WS_SYSMENU , WS_THICKFRAME , WS_MINIMIZEBOX , and WS_MAXIMIZEBOX styles.

  • WS_POPUP    Creates a pop-up window. Cannot be used with the WS_CHILD style.

  • WS_POPUPWINDOW    Creates a pop-up window with the WS_BORDER , WS_POPUP , and WS_SYSMENU styles. The WS_CAPTION style must be combined with the WS_POPUPWINDOW style to make the Control menu visible.

  • WS_SIZEBOX    Creates a window that has a sizing border. Same as the WS_THICKFRAME style.

  • WS_SYSMENU    Creates a window that has a Control-menu box in its title bar. Used only for windows with title bars.

  • WS_TABSTOP    Specifies one of any number of controls through which the user can move by using the TAB key. The TAB key moves the user to the next control specified by the WS_TABSTOP style.

  • WS_THICKFRAME    Creates a window with a thick frame that can be used to size the window.

  • WS_TILED    Creates an overlapped window. An overlapped window has a title bar and a border. Same as the WS_OVERLAPPED style.

  • WS_TILEDWINDOW    Creates an overlapped window with the WS_OVERLAPPED , WS_CAPTION , WS_SYSMENU , WS_THICKFRAME , WS_MINIMIZEBOX , and WS_MAXIMIZEBOX styles. Same as the WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW style.

  • WS_VISIBLE    Creates a window that is initially visible.

  • WS_VSCROLL    Creates a window that has a vertical scroll bar.

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在MATLAB中实现一个简单的比例-积分-微分(PID)控制器可以通过以下步骤进行: 1. 定义系统模型:根据你要控制的系统,定义系统的传递函数或状态空间模型。 2. 设计PID控制器:使用PID控制器的比例增益(Kp)、积分时间(Ti)和微分时间(Td)参数进行设计。可以根据系统响应的要求和调整需求来选择这些参数。 3. 实现PID控制器:使用MATLAB的控制系统工具箱或自己编写代码来实现PID控制器。可以使用PID函数或者用MATLAB中的反馈函数结合比例、积分和微分控制器来构建一个闭环控制系统。 以下是一个简单的代码示例,演示如何在MATLAB中实现一个PID控制器: ```matlab % 定义系统传递函数 G = tf([1], [1 2 1]); % 设计PID控制器参数 Kp = 1; Ti = 2; Td = 0.5; % 创建PID控制器对象 C = pid(Kp, Ti, Td); % 创建闭环系统 sys_cl = feedback(C*G, 1); % 绘制闭环系统的阶跃响应 t = 0:0.01:10; step(sys_cl, t); ``` 这个例子中,我们首先定义了一个二阶传递函数G,然后设定了PID控制器的参数。接下来,我们使用pid函数创建了一个PID控制器对象C,并通过feedback函数将系统G和控制器C连接在一起,形成一个闭环控制系统sys_cl。最后,我们绘制了闭环系统的阶跃响应。 请注意,实际的控制器设计和实现可能会涉及到更复杂的系统模型和调整方法,这只是一个简单的示例。你可以根据具体的应用需求和系统特性进行调整和修改。
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