设计模式浅析——桥模式

桥模式(Bridge)定义

将抽象部分(业务功能)与实现部分(平台实现)分离，使他们都可以独立的变化。

桥模式结构图

示例代码

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class MessagerImp
{
public:
	virtual void Display() = 0;
	virtual void PlaySound() = 0;
	virtual ~MessagerImp() {}
};

//平台抽象
class PCMessagerImp : public MessagerImp
{
public:
	void Display()
	{
		cout << "PC Display" << endl;
	}

	void PlaySound()
	{
		cout << "PC Play Sound" << endl;
	}
};

class MobileMessagerImp : public MessagerImp
{
public:
	void Display()
	{
		cout << "Mobile Display" << endl;
	}

	void PlaySound()
	{
		cout << "Mobile Play Sound" << endl;
	}
};

class Messager
{
public:
	void setImplementor(MessagerImp* msgImp)
	{
		messageImp = msgImp;
	}

	virtual void OperationA() = 0;
	virtual void OperationB() = 0;
	virtual ~Messager() {}

protected:
	MessagerImp* messageImp;
};

//业务抽象
class MessagerLite : public Messager
{
public:
	void OperationA()
	{
		messageImp->Display();
	}

	void OperationB()
	{
		messageImp->PlaySound();
	}
};

int main()
{
	MessagerImp* PCImpA = new PCMessagerImp();
	Messager* messagerA = new MessagerLite();
	messagerA->setImplementor(PCImpA);
	messagerA->OperationA();
	messagerA->OperationB();

	MessagerImp* PCImpB = new MobileMessagerImp();
	Messager* messagerB = new MessagerLite();
	messagerB->setImplementor(PCImpB);
	messagerB->OperationA();
	messagerB->OperationB();

	delete PCImpA;
	delete messagerA;
	delete PCImpB;
	delete messagerB;

	system("pause");
    return 0;
}

执行结果:

PC Display

PC Play Sound

Mobile Display

Mobile Play Sound

个人总结

1) 桥模式使用"对象间的组合关系"解耦了抽象和实现之间固有的绑定关系，使得抽象和实现可以沿着各自的维度来变化。所谓的抽象和实现沿着各自的维度变化，即"子类化"。

2) 桥模式的应用一般在"两个非常强的变化维度"，有时一个类也有多于两个的变化维度，这是可以使用bridge的扩展模式。