Java集合的Stack、Queue、Map的遍历
在集合操作中,常常离不开对集合的遍历,对集合遍历一般来说一个foreach就搞定了,但是,对于Stack、Queue、Map类型的遍历,还是有一些讲究的。
下面是常用的写法:
一、Map的遍历
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Iterator;
- import java.util.Map;
- /**
- * Map的遍历,这个遍历比较特殊,有技巧
- *
- * @author leizhimin 2009-7-22 15:15:34
- */
- public class TestMap {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
- map.put("1", "a");
- map.put("2", "b");
- map.put("3", "c");
- //最简洁、最通用的遍历方式
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
- System.out.println(entry.getKey() + " = " + entry.getValue());
- }
- //Java5之前的比较简洁的便利方式1
- System.out.println("----1----");
- for (Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
- Map.Entry<String, String> entry = it.next();
- System.out.println(entry.getKey() + " = " + entry.getValue());
- }
- //Java5之前的比较简洁的便利方式2
- System.out.println("----2----");
- for (Iterator<String> it = map.keySet().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
- String key = it.next();
- System.out.println(key + " = " + map.get(key));
- }
- }
- }
3 = c
2 = b
1 = a
----1----
3 = c
2 = b
1 = a
----2----
3 = c
2 = b
1 = a
Process finished with exit code 0
2 = b
1 = a
----1----
3 = c
2 = b
1 = a
----2----
3 = c
2 = b
1 = a
Process finished with exit code 0
二、Queue的遍历
- import java.util.Queue;
- import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
- /**
- * 队列的遍历
- *
- * @author leizhimin 2009-7-22 15:05:14
- */
- public class TestQueue {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Queue<Integer> q = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Integer>();
- //初始化队列
- for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
- q.offer(i);
- }
- System.out.println("-------1-----");
- //集合方式遍历,元素不会被移除
- for (Integer x : q) {
- System.out.println(x);
- }
- System.out.println("-------2-----");
- //队列方式遍历,元素逐个被移除
- while (q.peek() != null) {
- System.out.println(q.poll());
- }
- }
- }
三、Stack的遍历
- import java.util.Stack;
- /**
- * 栈的遍历
- *
- * @author leizhimin 2009-7-22 14:55:20
- */
- public class TestStack {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Stack<Integer> s = new Stack<Integer>();
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- s.push(i);
- }
- //集合遍历方式
- for (Integer x : s) {
- System.out.println(x);
- }
- System.out.println("------1-----");
- //栈弹出遍历方式
- // while (s.peek()!=null) { //不健壮的判断方式,容易抛异常,正确写法是下面的
- while (!s.empty()) {
- System.out.println(s.pop());
- }
- System.out.println("------2-----");
- //错误的遍历方式
- // for (Integer x : s) {
- // System.out.println(s.pop());
- // }
- }
- }
并且推荐使用foreach