在分数类中的运算符重载基础上
(1)定义分数的一目运算+和-,分别代表分数取正和求反,将“按位取反运算符”~重载为分数的求倒数运算。
(2)定义分数类中<<和>>运算符重载,实现分数的输入输出,改造原程序中对运算结果显示方式,使程序读起来更自然。
代码如下:
#include <iostream>
int gcd(int m,int n);
using namespace std;
class CFraction
{
private:
int nume; // 分子
int deno; // 分母
public:
//构造函数及运算符重载的函数声明
CFraction(int nu=0,int de=1):nume(nu),deno(de) {}
void simplify();
//输入输出的重载
friend istream &operator>>(istream &in,CFraction &x);
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,CFraction x);
friend CFraction operator+(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2); //两个分数相加,结果要化简
friend CFraction operator-(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2); //两个分数相减,结果要化简
friend CFraction operator*(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2); //两个分数相乘,结果要化简
friend CFraction operator/(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2); //两个分数相除,结果要化简
CFraction operator+(); //取正一目运算
CFraction operator-(); //取反一目运算
CFraction operator~(); //取倒数一目运算
friend bool operator>(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2);
friend bool operator<(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2);
friend bool operator==(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2);
friend bool operator!=(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2);
friend bool operator>=(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2);
friend bool operator<=(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2);
};
//重载函数的实现及用于测试的main()函数
int gcd(int m,int n)
{
int t;
if(m<n)
{
t=m;
m=n;
n=t;
}
while(t=m%n)
{
m=n;
n=t;
}
return n;
}
void CFraction::simplify()
{
int n=gcd(nume,deno);
nume/=n;
deno/=n;
}
istream &operator>>(istream &in,CFraction &c)
{
char ch;
do
{
cin>>c.nume>>ch>>c.deno;
if(c.deno==0)
cerr<<"分母为0,请重新输入\n";
else if(ch!='/')
cerr<<"格式错误(形如m/n);请重新输入/n";
else
break;
}
while(1);
return cin;
}
ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,CFraction c)
{
cout<<c.nume<<'/'<<c.deno<<endl;
return cout;
}
CFraction operator+(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2)
{
CFraction z;
z.nume=c1.nume*c2.deno+c2.nume*c1.deno;
z.deno=c1.deno*c2.deno;
z.simplify();
return z;
}
CFraction operator-(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2)
{
CFraction z;
z.nume=c1.nume*c2.deno-c2.nume*c1.deno;
z.deno=c1.deno*c2.deno;
z.simplify();
return z;
}
CFraction operator*(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2)
{
CFraction z;
z.nume=c1.nume*c2.nume;
z.deno=c1.deno*c2.deno;
z.simplify();
return z;
}
CFraction operator/(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2)
{
CFraction z;
if(c2.nume==0)
return c1;
z.nume=c1.nume*c2.deno;
z.deno=c1.deno*c2.nume;
z.simplify();
return z;
}
CFraction CFraction:: operator+()
{
return *this;
}
CFraction CFraction:: operator-()
{
CFraction c;
c.nume=-nume; //保证负号在分子上
c.deno=deno;
return c;
}
CFraction CFraction::operator~()
{
CFraction c;
c.nume=deno;
c.deno=nume;
//保证负号在分子上
if(c.deno<0)
{
c.deno=-c.deno;
c.nume=-c.nume;
}
return c;
}
bool operator>(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2)
{
int c1_nume,c2_nume,com_deno;
c1_nume=c1.nume*c2.deno;
c2_nume=c2.nume*c1.deno;
com_deno=c1.deno*c2.deno;
if((c1_nume-c2_nume)*com_deno>0) return true;
return false;
}
bool operator<(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2)
{
int c1_nume,c2_nume,com_deno;
c1_nume=c1.nume*c2.deno;
c2_nume=c2.nume*c1.deno;
com_deno=c1.deno*c2.deno;
if((c1_nume-c2_nume)*com_deno<0) return true;
return false;
}
bool operator==(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2)
{
if(c1<c2||c1>c2) return false;
return true;
}
bool operator!=(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2)
{
if(c1==c2) return false;
return true;
}
bool operator>=(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2)
{
if(c1<c2) return false;
return true;
}
bool operator<=(const CFraction &c1, const CFraction &c2)
{在分数类中的运算符重载基础上
(1)定义分数的一目运算+和-,分别代表分数取正和求反,将“按位取反运算符”~重载为分数的求倒数运算。
(2)定义分数类中<<和>>运算符重载,实现分数的输入输出,改造原程序中对运算结果显示方式,使程序读起来更自然。
if(c1>c2) return false;
return true;
}
int main()
{
CFraction x,y,s;
cout<<"输入x: ";
cin>>x;
cout<<"输入y: ";
cin>>y;
s=+x+y;
cout<<"+x+y="<<s<<endl;
s=x-y;
cout<<"x-y="<<s<<endl;
s=x*y;
cout<<"x*y="<<s<<endl;
s=x/y;
cout<<"x/y="<<s<<endl;
cout<<"-x="<<-x<<endl;
cout<<"+x="<<+x<<endl;
cout<<"x的倒数: "<<~x<<endl;
cout<<x;
if (x>y) cout<<"大于";
if (x<y) cout<<"小于";
if (x==y) cout<<"等于";
cout<<y<<endl;
return 0;
}
总结:回去再慢慢想在倒数的那个函数中如何考虑分子为零的请款;if (nume==0) {return 0}; 如何?