十二、C++ 多重继承

1.多重继承

#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

using namespace std;

class Sofa {
public:
	void watchTV(void) { cout<<"watch TV"<<endl; }
};

class Bed {
public:
	void sleep(void) { cout<<"sleep"<<endl; }
};

class Sofabed : public Sofa, public Bed {
};

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	Sofabed s;
	s.watchTV();
	s.sleep();
	return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

using namespace std;

class Sofa {
private:
	int weight;
public:
	void watchTV(void) { cout<<"watch TV"<<endl; }

	void setWeight(int weight) { this->weight = weight; }
	int getWeight(void) const { return weight; }
};

class Bed {
private:
	int weight;
public:
	void sleep(void) { cout<<"sleep"<<endl; }
	void setWeight(int weight) { this->weight = weight; }
	int getWeight(void) const { return weight; }
};

class Sofabed : public Sofa, public Bed {
};

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	Sofabed s;
	s.watchTV();
	s.sleep();

	//s.setWeight(100); /* error, 有二义性 */
	s.Sofa::setWeight(100);
	
	return 0;
}

 2.虚拟继承

.................................................................................

#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

using namespace std;

class Furniture {
private:
	int weight;
public:
	void setWeight(int weight) { this->weight = weight; }
	int getWeight(void) const { return weight; }
};

class Sofa : virtual public Furniture {
private:
	int a;
public:
	void watchTV(void) { cout<<"watch TV"<<endl; }
};

class Bed : virtual public Furniture {
private:
	int b;
public:
	void sleep(void) { cout<<"sleep"<<endl; }
};

class Sofabed : public Sofa, public Bed {
private:
	int c;
};

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	Sofabed s;
	s.watchTV();
	s.sleep();

	s.setWeight(100);
	
	return 0;
}

3.总结

a.一个派生类可以有多个基类

b.可能有二义性，解决办法：虚拟继承，Softbed的基类Soft、Bed共享一个Furniture对象

尽量避免使用多重继承，它使得程序变得十分复杂