linux下面识别USB的四种方式

把一个U盘插到linux主机或者虚拟机上，我们需要用mount命令进行挂载，但是首先需要查看所挂载盘符名称，该怎么查看呢，有以下四种方法：
1.df -h

~# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs           788M  9.6M  779M   2% /run
/dev/sda9        23G   11G   12G  49% /
tmpfs           3.9G  148K  3.9G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda10      9.1G  605M  8.0G   7% /var
/dev/sda11      1.9G  5.7M  1.7G   1% /tmp
/dev/sda12      247G  4.7G  230G   2% /home
tmpfs           788M   16K  788M   1% /run/user/132
tmpfs           788M   32K  788M   1% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1       466G   33G  433G   8% /media/root/UUI

在kali linux下面，其实/media/root下面的就是你的U盘。

2.lsblk

~# lsblk
NAME    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk 
├─sda1    8:1    0   150G  0 part 
├─sda2    8:2    0     1K  0 part 
├─sda5    8:5    0   200G  0 part 
├─sda6    8:6    0   200G  0 part 
├─sda7    8:7    0  88.6G  0 part 
├─sda8    8:8    0   7.9G  0 part [SWAP]
├─sda9    8:9    0  23.3G  0 part /
├─sda10   8:10   0   9.3G  0 part /var
├─sda11   8:11   0   1.9G  0 part /tmp
└─sda12   8:12   0 250.6G  0 part /home
sdb       8:16   0 465.8G  0 disk 
└─sdb1    8:17   0 465.8G  0 part /media/root/UUI

这里面我们可以查看到所有的块设备。sdb1就是你所要找的U盘。

3.fdisk -l

fdisk命令可以用于查看你系统中的所有分区表，包括所有的 USB 设备。

~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xda3190be

Device     Boot      Start        End    Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *          2048  314576895  314574848   150G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2        314578942 1953523711 1638944770 781.5G  f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5        314578944  734007295  419428352   200G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda6        734011392 1153439743  419428352   200G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda7       1153443840 1339125167  185681328  88.6G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda8       1936971776 1953523711   16551936   7.9G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda9       1339125760 1387954175   48828416  23.3G 83 Linux
/dev/sda10      1387956224 1407485951   19529728   9.3G 83 Linux
/dev/sda11      1407488000 1411391487    3903488   1.9G 83 Linux
/dev/sda12      1411393536 1936957439  525563904 250.6G 83 Linux

Partition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary.
Partition table entries are not in disk order.


Disk /dev/sdb: 465.8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 33553920 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x77e6cfe3

Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1  *     2048 976773119 976771072 465.8G  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)

这里面/dev/sdb分区中的/dev/sdb1就是U盘所在。

4.dmesg

dmesg 本来是用于打印或者控制内核环形缓冲区（kernel ring buffer）的命令，但是顺便也可以打印出USB设备的信息。

~# dmesg
......
......
......
: 0 ANSI: 6
[  450.323439] sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0
[  452.789848] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] 976773168 512-byte logical blocks: (500 GB/466 GiB)
[  452.789854] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] 4096-byte physical blocks
[  452.790371] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[  452.790375] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 53 00 00 08
[  452.790650] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[  452.821744]  sdb: sdb1
[  452.823173] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk

此处sdb:sdb1就是usb设备信息。