原理简介 霍夫变换(Hough Transform) 霍夫变换是图像处理中从图像中识别几何形状的基本方法之一,应用很广泛,也有很多改进算法。主要用来从图像中分离出具有某种相同特征的几何形状(如,直线,圆等)。最基本的霍夫变换是从黑白图像中检测直线(线段)。
利用霍夫变换实现了在一小段的足球视频中对球的识别和跟踪,我们首先利用opencv找出球的轮廓,然后利用霍夫变换找出球的中心点坐标和半径。实现了对球体的追踪,算法鲁棒性较单独的霍夫变换鲁棒性得到了大大的提高。。
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include<opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
//抓取轮廓中心
void GetContourCenter(CvSeq *contour,CvPoint &p)
{
//重心法抓中心点
int contourlength = contour->total;
CvPoint *pt = 0;
double avg_px=0,avg_py=0;
for(int i = 0 ;i < contourlength; i++)
{
pt=CV_GET_SEQ_ELEM(CvPoint,contour,i);
avg_px+=pt->x;
avg_py+=pt->y;
}
p.x=avg_px/contourlength;
p.y=avg_py/contourlength;
}
int main(){
VideoCapture cap(0);
Mat img;
Mat gray;
CvPoint pt;
while (1){
cap >> img;
resize(img, img, Size(480, 640));
cvtColor(img, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY); //œ«ÍŒÏñ»Ò¶È
blur(gray, gray, Size(9, 9), Point(-1, -1));//¹ýÂ˵ô°×µã
threshold(gray, gray, 220, 255, THRESH_BINARY);//œ«ÍŒÏñ¶þÖµ»¯
std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point> > contours;
findContours(gray, contours, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);//Ñ°ÕÒÂÖÀ
cv::Mat result(gray.size(), CV_8U, cv::Scalar(255));
cv::drawContours(img, contours,-1, cv::Scalar(0), 2);
/*
//寻找最大轮廓
float max_area = -1;
int max_cnt = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++){
float cur_area = contourArea(contours[i]);
cv::Rect r0 = cv::boundingRect(cv::Mat(contours[max_cnt]));
cv::rectangle(img, r0, cv::Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2);
if (max_area < cur_area){
max_cnt = i;
max_area = cur_area;
}
}
cv::Rect MaxRect = cv::boundingRect(cv::Mat(contours[max_cnt]));
cv::rectangle(img, MaxRect, cv::Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2);
*/
//计算矩信息
std::vector<std::vector<Point> >::const_iterator itc = contours.begin();
itc = contours.begin();
while(itc != contours.end())
{
//计算所有的距
Moments mom = moments(Mat(*itc++));
//计算并画出质心
circle(img,Point(mom.m10/mom.m00,mom.m01/mom.m00),2,Scalar(2),2);
}
imshow("test", img);
char key=waitKey(1);
if (key == 'q')break;
}
}