[leetcode]301. Remove Invalid Parentheses

题目链接：https://leetcode.com/problems/remove-invalid-parentheses/#/description

Remove the minimum number of invalid parentheses in order to make the input string valid. Return all possible results.

Note: The input string may contain letters other than the parentheses ( and ).

Examples:

"()())()" -> ["()()()", "(())()"]
"(a)())()" -> ["(a)()()", "(a())()"]
")(" -> [""]

class Solution {
public:
    vector<string> removeInvalidParentheses(string s) {
        unordered_set<string> result;
        int left_removed = 0;
        int right_removed = 0;
        for(auto c : s) {
            if(c == '(') {
                ++left_removed;
            }
            if(c == ')') {
                if(left_removed != 0) {
                    --left_removed;
                }
                else {
                    ++right_removed;
                }
            }
        }
        helper(s, 0, left_removed, right_removed, 0, "", result);
        return vector<string>(result.begin(), result.end());
    }
private:
    void helper(string s, int index, int left_removed, int right_removed, int pair, string path, unordered_set<string>& result) {
        if(index == s.size()) {
            if(left_removed == 0 && right_removed == 0 && pair == 0) {
                result.insert(path);
            }
            return;
        }
        if(s[index] != '(' && s[index] != ')') {
            helper(s, index + 1, left_removed, right_removed, pair, path + s[index], result);
        }
        else {
            if(s[index] == '(') {
                if(left_removed > 0) {
                    helper(s, index + 1, left_removed - 1, right_removed, pair, path, result);
                }
                helper(s, index + 1, left_removed, right_removed, pair + 1, path + s[index], result);
            }
            if(s[index] == ')') {
                if(right_removed > 0) {
                    helper(s, index + 1, left_removed, right_removed - 1, pair, path, result);
                }
                if(pair > 0) {
                    helper(s, index + 1, left_removed, right_removed, pair - 1, path + s[index], result);
                }
            }
        }
    }
};