20.彻底玩转单例模式
饿汉式 DCL懒汉式
饿汉式
package single;
//饿汉式单例
public class Hungry {
//一上来就全部加载,浪费空间,
//那我现在想用的时候再创建,不用就放在那 ,于是乎来了 懒汉式单例
private byte[] data1=new byte[1024];
private byte[] data2=new byte[1024];
private byte[] data3=new byte[1024];
private Hungry(){
}
private final static Hungry HUNGRY=new Hungry();
public static Hungry getInstance(){
return HUNGRY;
}
}
DCL懒汉式
package single;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class LazyMan {
private static boolean flag=false;
private LazyMan(){
synchronized (LazyMan.class){
if(flag==false){
flag=true;
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("不要试图用反射破坏异常");
}
}
}
private volatile static LazyMan lazyMan;
//双重检测锁模式的 懒汉式单例 DCL懒汉式
public static LazyMan getInstance(){
//多线程并发有问题,所以加锁
if(lazyMan==null){
synchronized (LazyMan.class){
if(lazyMan==null){
lazyMan=new LazyMan(); //不是一个原子性操作
/**
* 1.分配内存空间
* 2.执行构造方法,初始化对象
* 3.把这个对象指向这个空间
* 123
* 132 A
* B//此时lazyMan还没有完成构造
*
*/
}
}
}
return lazyMan;
}
//反射!
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// LazyMan instance = LazyMan.getInstance();
Field flag = LazyMan.class.getDeclaredField("flag");
flag.setAccessible(true);
Constructor<LazyMan> declaredMethod = LazyMan.class.getDeclaredConstructor(null);
declaredMethod.setAccessible(true);
LazyMan instance=declaredMethod.newInstance();
flag.set(instance,false);
LazyMan instance2=declaredMethod.newInstance();
System.out.println(instance); //两个不同,反射可以破坏单例模式
System.out.println(instance2); //可以解决
}
}
静态内部类
package single;
//静态内部类
public class Holder {
private Holder(){
}
public static Holder getInstance(){
return InnerClass.HOLDER;
}
public static class InnerClass{
private static final Holder HOLDER=new Holder();
}
}
单例不安全 ,因为有反射
于是枚举出来了
package single;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
//enum 是一个什么? 本身也是一个Class类
public enum EnumSingle {
INSTANCE;
public EnumSingle getInstance(){
return INSTANCE;
}
}
class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException {
EnumSingle instance1 = EnumSingle.INSTANCE;
Constructor<EnumSingle> declaredConstructor = EnumSingle.class.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class, int.class);
declaredConstructor.setAccessible(true);
EnumSingle instance2 = declaredConstructor.newInstance();
System.out.println(instance1);
System.out.println(instance2);//发现破坏不了
//java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Cannot reflectively create enum objects
}
}
枚举类型的最终反编译源码 有参~