4.1 非周期信号的表示:连续时间傅里叶变换
非周期信号的傅里叶变换关键点在于,要将非周期信号看作是周期 T T T 无限长的周期信号,以上一章3.3.3节方波信号举例,该方波信号的傅里叶级数系数为:
a k = 2 s i n ( k w 0 T 1 ) w T a_k=\frac {2sin(kw_0T_1)} {wT} ak=wT2sin(kw0T1)
T a k = 2 s i n ( w T 1 ) w ∣ w = k w 0 Ta_k=\left. \frac {2sin(wT_1)} {w} \right| _{w=kw_0} Tak=w2sin(wT1)∣∣∣∣w=kw0
如下图所示,随着 T T T 趋近于无穷,傅里叶级数系数就趋近于这个包络函数。
clear
k = -60:1:60;
T1=1*pi;
w1=2*k*pi/T1;
Ta_k1=2*sin(w1*0.5)./w1;
T2=2*pi;
w2=2*k*pi/T2;
Ta_k2=2*sin(w2*0.5)./w2;
T3=4*pi;
w3=2*k*pi/T3;
Ta_k3=2*sin(w3*0.5)./w3;
set(0,'defaultfigurecolor','w');
subplot(3,1,1)
plot(w1,Ta_k1);
axis([-30 30 -0.5 1.2]);
hold on
stem(w1,Ta_k1)