单例模式
饿汉式:
package com.bjsxt.singleton;
/**
* 测试饿汉式单例模式
* @author 尚学堂高淇 www.sxt.cn
*
*/
public class SingletonDemo1 {
//类初始化时,立即加载这个对象(没有延时加载的优势)。加载类时,天然的是线程安全的!
private static SingletonDemo1 instance = new SingletonDemo1();
private SingletonDemo1(){
}
//方法没有同步,调用效率高!
public static SingletonDemo1 getInstance(){
return instance;
}
}
懒汉式:
package com.bjsxt.singleton;
/**
* 测试懒汉式单例模式
* @author 尚学堂高淇 www.sxt.cn
*
*/
public class SingletonDemo2 {
//类初始化时,不初始化这个对象(延时加载,真正用的时候再创建)。
private static SingletonDemo2 instance;
private SingletonDemo2(){ //私有化构造器
}
//方法同步,调用效率低!
public static synchronized SingletonDemo2 getInstance(){
if(instance==null){
instance = new SingletonDemo2();
}
return instance;
}
}
Synchronized:避免并发量高的时候创建多个对象
双重检测锁实现
package com.bjsxt.singleton;
/**
* 双重检查锁实现单例模式
* @author 尚学堂高淇 www.sxt.cn
*
*/
public class SingletonDemo3 {
private static SingletonDemo3 instance = null;
public static SingletonDemo3 getInstance() {
if (instance == null) {
SingletonDemo3 sc;
synchronized (SingletonDemo3.class) {
sc = instance;
if (sc == null) {
synchronized (SingletonDemo3.class) {
if(sc == null) {
sc = new SingletonDemo3();
}
}
instance = sc;
}
}
}
return instance;
}
private SingletonDemo3() {
}
}
静态内部类实现方式(也是一种懒加载方式) :
package com.bjsxt.singleton;
/**
* 测试静态内部类实现单例模式
* 这种方式:线程安全,调用效率高,并且实现了延时加载!
* @author 尚学堂高淇 www.sxt.cn
*
*/
public class SingletonDemo4 {
private static class SingletonClassInstance {
private static final SingletonDemo4 instance = new SingletonDemo4();
}
private SingletonDemo4(){
}
//方法没有同步,调用效率高!
public static SingletonDemo4 getInstance(){
return SingletonClassInstance.instance;
}
}
使用枚举实现单例模式 :
package com.bjsxt.singleton;
/**
* 测试枚举式实现单例模式(没有延时加载)
* @author 尚学堂高淇 www.sxt.cn
*
*/
public enum SingletonDemo5 {
//这个枚举元素,本身就是单例对象!
INSTANCE;
//添加自己需要的操作!
public void singletonOperation(){
}
}
package com.bjsxt.singleton;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SingletonDemo4 s1 = SingletonDemo4.getInstance();
SingletonDemo4 s2 = SingletonDemo4.getInstance();
System.out.println(s1);
System.out.println(s2);
System.out.println(SingletonDemo5.INSTANCE==SingletonDemo5.INSTANCE);
}
}
package com.bjsxt.singleton;
import java.io.ObjectStreamException;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* 测试懒汉式单例模式(如何防止反射和反序列化漏洞)
* @author 尚学堂高淇 www.sxt.cn
*
*/
public class SingletonDemo6 implements Serializable {
//类初始化时,不初始化这个对象(延时加载,真正用的时候再创建)。
private static SingletonDemo6 instance;
private SingletonDemo6(){ //私有化构造器
if(instance!=null){
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
//方法同步,调用效率低!
public static synchronized SingletonDemo6 getInstance(){
if(instance==null){
instance = new SingletonDemo6();
}
return instance;
}
//反序列化时,如果定义了readResolve()则直接返回此方法指定的对象。而不需要单独再创建新对象!
private Object readResolve() throws ObjectStreamException {
return instance;
}
}
、
package com.bjsxt.singleton;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutput;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
/**
* 测试反射和反序列化破解单例模式
* @author 尚学堂高淇 www.sxt.cn
*
*/
public class Client2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SingletonDemo6 s1 = SingletonDemo6.getInstance();
SingletonDemo6 s2 = SingletonDemo6.getInstance();
System.out.println(s1);
System.out.println(s2);
//通过反射的方式直接调用私有构造器
// Class<SingletonDemo6> clazz = (Class<SingletonDemo6>) Class.forName("com.bjsxt.singleton.SingletonDemo6");
// Constructor<SingletonDemo6> c = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(null);
// c.setAccessible(true);
// SingletonDemo6 s3 = c.newInstance();
// SingletonDemo6 s4 = c.newInstance();
// System.out.println(s3);
// System.out.println(s4);
//通过反序列化的方式构造多个对象
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("d:/a.txt");
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
oos.writeObject(s1);
oos.close();
fos.close();
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("d:/a.txt"));
SingletonDemo6 s3 = (SingletonDemo6) ois.readObject();
System.out.println(s3);
}
}
package com.bjsxt.singleton;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutput;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
/**
* 测试多线程环境下五种创建单例模式的效率
* @author 尚学堂高淇 www.sxt.cn
*
*/
public class Client3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
int threadNum = 10;
final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(threadNum);
for(int i=0;i<threadNum;i++){
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
for(int i=0;i<1000000;i++){
// Object o = SingletonDemo4.getInstance();
Object o = SingletonDemo5.INSTANCE;
}
countDownLatch.countDown(); //内部类不能使用外部类的局部变量,所以设置为final
}
}).start();
}
countDownLatch.await(); //main线程阻塞,直到计数器变为0,才会继续往下执行!
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("总耗时:"+(end-start));
}
}