花了三天的时间，研究视频直播的采集、编码、推流，历尽艰辛，删减参考代码，多次实验，详细检查，终于自己另外写了一个demo。有一些地方还看不懂，我基本能看懂的地方做了详尽的注释。
示例代码来自于github：
https://github.com/runner365/android_rtmppush_sdk
其中包括sdk。
我分步骤，先实现采集，再实现视频推送，最后加上音频推送比较顺利。方法是把源码中自己感觉多余的代码删除掉，把繁琐的代码简化掉，给源码写注释。反复试验。
然后自己建项目，写代码，多次运行，比较，历时三天。
终于把一个视频直播的框架理清楚。
思路大概是：
一、首先要有一个直播服务器，负责拉流和分发。我找到一个现成的nginx
https://github.com/illuspas/nginx-rtmp-win32
下载解压，直接运行即可，端口是1935
二、在手机端采集、编码、推流
1.初始化surfaceView和surfaceHolder
2.初始化camera，一般放在holder的回调中，因为需要预览
3.在预览回调中处理捕获的每一帧的数据，主要是格式
4.初始化录音设备
5.创建两个线程，负责处理视频和音频的推流，将处理好的最终数据放置到rtmp会话管理器中
6.开始推流，启动编码，启动线程
我简化后的类是这样的：
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, Camera.PreviewCallback {
private String rtmpPushUrl = "rtmp://192.168.1.102:1935/live/stream";//推流路径
/**
* surface
*/
private SurfaceView surfaceView = null;//预览界面
private SurfaceHolder holder;
/**
* camera
*/
private Camera camera = null;//摄像头
private SWVideoEncoder swVideoEncoder = null;//编码器
private int WIDTH = 480, HEIGHT = 640;//设置宽和高
private int FRAMERATE = 20, BITRATE = 800 * 1000;//设置帧频和比特率
private int codecType = android.graphics.ImageFormat.NV21;//编码类型
private int degress = 0;//镜头旋转角度
private boolean isFront = true;//是否前置镜头
/**
* audioRecord
*/
private AudioRecord audioRecord = null;//录音机
private int recordBufferSize = 0;//录音缓冲区大小
private byte[] recordBuffer = null;//录音缓冲区
private FdkAacEncode fdkAacEncode = null;//编码器
private int aacInit = 0;
private int SAMPLE_RATE = 22050;
private int CHANNEL_NUMBER = 2;//声道
/**
* push
*/
private byte[] yuvEdit = new byte[WIDTH * HEIGHT * 3 / 2];
private RtmpSessionManager rtmpSessionManager;//会话管理器
private Queue<byte[]> queue = new LinkedList<>();
private Lock queueLock = new ReentrantLock();
private boolean isPushing = false;//是否正在推送
private Thread h264Thread = null;//处理视频的线程
private Thread aacThread = null;//处理音频的线程
// region 处理h264的回调
private Runnable h264Runnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while (!h264Thread.interrupted() && isPushing) {//todo ??
int size = queue.size();
if (size > 0) {
queueLock.lock();
byte[] yuvData = queue.poll();
queueLock.unlock();
if (yuvData == null) {
continue;
}
if (isFront) {
yuvEdit = swVideoEncoder.YUV420pRotate270(yuvData, HEIGHT, WIDTH);
} else {
yuvEdit = swVideoEncoder.YUV420pRotate90(yuvData, HEIGHT, WIDTH);
}
byte[] h264Data = swVideoEncoder.EncoderH264(yuvEdit);
if (h264Data != null) {
rtmpSessionManager.InsertVideoData(h264Data);
}
}
}
queue.clear();
}
};
// endregion
// region 处理aac的回调
private Runnable aacRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while (!aacThread.interrupted() && isPushing) {
int len = audioRecord.read(recordBuffer, 0, recordBuffer.length);
if (len != AudioRecord.ERROR_BAD_VALUE && len != 0) {
if (aacInit != 0) {
byte[] aacBuffer = fdkAacEncode.FdkAacEncode(aacInit, recordBuffer);
if (aacBuffer != null) {
rtmpSessionManager.InsertAudioData(aacBuffer);
}
}
}
}
}
};
// endregion
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//设置全屏
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN, WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
//设置常亮
this.getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON, WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//初始化
init();
}
/**
* 开始初始化
*/
private void init() {
initSurface();//初始化surface，在回调方法中初始化camera
initAudioRecord();//初始化录音器
startPush();//开始推送
}
/**
* 初始化SurfaceView
*/
private void initSurface() {
int screenWidth = ScreenUtils.getScreenWidth(this);//屏幕宽
int screenHeight = ScreenUtils.getScreenHeight(this);//屏幕高
int iNewWidth = (int) (screenHeight * 3.0 / 4.0);//将宽重新计算，目的为适应屏幕宽度，比例为4:3
//?
RelativeLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
int iPos = screenWidth - iNewWidth;
layoutParams.setMargins(iPos, 0, 0, 0);
//初始化surfaceView
surfaceView = (SurfaceView) this.findViewById(R.id.sv_preview);
holder = surfaceView.getHolder();
holder.setFixedSize(HEIGHT, WIDTH);//这里两个参数是反的
holder.setKeepScreenOn(true);//设置屏幕常亮
holder.addCallback(this);//添加回调
surfaceView.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);
}
/**
* 初始化摄像头
*/
private void initCamera() {
Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();//获取摄像头的参数
//设置格式
List<Integer> previewFormats = parameters.getSupportedPreviewFormats();//获取摄像头支持的所有格式
int flagNv21 = 0, flagYv12 = 0;
for (int f : previewFormats) {
if (ImageFormat.YV12 == f) {
flagYv12 = f;
}
if (ImageFormat.NV21 == f) {
flagNv21 = f;
}
}
if (flagNv21 != 0) {
codecType = flagNv21;
} else if (flagYv12 != 0) {
codecType = flagYv12;
}
parameters.setPreviewSize(HEIGHT, WIDTH);//这里两个参数是反的，否则像素比例失真
parameters.setPreviewFormat(codecType);//设置预览格式
parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(FRAMERATE);
degress = getDisplayOritation(getDispalyRotation(), 0);
parameters.setRotation(degress);
camera.setParameters(parameters);//重设参数
camera.setDisplayOrientation(degress);
camera.setPreviewCallback(this);//设置预览回调，很重要
try {
camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//设置预览设备
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
camera.cancelAutoFocus();//这一句可以自动对焦
camera.startPreview();//开始预览
}
/**
* 初始化录音设备
*/
private void initAudioRecord() {
//录音缓冲区大小
recordBufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(SAMPLE_RATE,
AudioFormat.CHANNEL_CONFIGURATION_STEREO,
AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT);
//初始化录音设备
audioRecord = new AudioRecord(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC,
SAMPLE_RATE,
AudioFormat.CHANNEL_CONFIGURATION_STEREO,
AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT,
recordBufferSize);
//录音缓冲区
recordBuffer = new byte[recordBufferSize];
//实例化音频编码器
fdkAacEncode = new FdkAacEncode();
aacInit = fdkAacEncode.FdkAacInit(SAMPLE_RATE, CHANNEL_NUMBER);
}
/**
* 开始推送
*/
public void startPush() {
//实例化会话管理器
rtmpSessionManager = new RtmpSessionManager();
rtmpSessionManager.Start(rtmpPushUrl);
//实例化视频编码器
swVideoEncoder = new SWVideoEncoder(WIDTH, HEIGHT, FRAMERATE, BITRATE);
swVideoEncoder.start(codecType);
isPushing = true;
//启动视频编码线程
h264Thread = new Thread(h264Runnable);
h264Thread.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
h264Thread.start();
//启动音频编码线程
audioRecord.startRecording();
aacThread = new Thread(aacRunnable);
aacThread.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
aacThread.start();
}
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
degress = getDisplayOritation(getDispalyRotation(), 0);
//如果摄像头还不存在，则打开前置摄像头
if (camera == null) {
camera = Camera.open(Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT);
}
initCamera();//初始化
}
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
camera.autoFocus(new Camera.AutoFocusCallback() {
@Override
public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) {
if (success) {
initCamera();
}
}
});
}
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
}
@Override
public void onPreviewFrame(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
if (!isPushing) {
return;
}
//格式转换
byte[] yuv420Data = null;
if (codecType == ImageFormat.YV12) {
yuv420Data = new byte[data.length];
swVideoEncoder.swapYV12toI420_Ex(data, yuv420Data, HEIGHT, WIDTH);
} else if (codecType == ImageFormat.NV21) {
yuv420Data = swVideoEncoder.swapNV21toI420(data, HEIGHT, WIDTH);
}
if (yuv420Data == null) {
return;
}
//清除帧数据
queueLock.lock();
if (queue.size() > 0) {
queue.clear();
}
//加入新的帧数据
queue.offer(yuv420Data);
queueLock.unlock();
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//加上状态判断，否则会空指针异常
if (isPushing) {
stopPush();
}
}
/**
* 停止推流
*/
private void stopPush() {
isPushing = false;//修改状态
h264Thread.interrupt();//中断线程
aacThread.interrupt();
audioRecord.stop();//停止编码
swVideoEncoder.stop();
rtmpSessionManager.Stop();//终止会话
queueLock.lock();//清除帧数据
queue.clear();
queueLock.unlock();
}
/**
* 获取摄像头旋转角度
*
* @param degrees
* @param cameraId
* @return
*/
private int getDisplayOritation(int degrees, int cameraId) {
Camera.CameraInfo info = new Camera.CameraInfo();
Camera.getCameraInfo(cameraId, info);
int result = 0;
if (info.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {
result = (info.orientation + degrees) % 360;
result = (360 - result) % 360;
} else {
result = (info.orientation - degrees + 360) % 360;
}
return result;
}
/**
* 获取屏幕的旋转角度
*
* @return
*/
private int getDispalyRotation() {
int i = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRotation();
switch (i) {
case Surface.ROTATION_0:
return 0;
case Surface.ROTATION_90:
return 90;
case Surface.ROTATION_180:
return 180;
case Surface.ROTATION_270:
return 270;
}
return 0;
}
}不到400行，方法也不多。
布局文件中只有一个surfaceView，权限如下：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
运行效果：
手机：
alc：
参考：http://blog.csdn.net/huaxun66/article/details/53427771
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