Linux-bootsect.s

!          程序功能

!          程序运行前动作

!1.---------------BIOS检测硬件

!2.---------------在0x0000处设置BIOS中断信息

!3.---------------加载bootsect.S至0x7c00

!4.---------------将自己移至0x90000处

!5.---------------使用BIOS中断加载setup.S至0x90200

!6.---------------将head.s加载到0x10000

!

! SYS_SIZE is the number of clicks (16 bytes) to be loaded.

! 0x3000 is 0x30000 bytes = 196kB, more than enough for current

! versions of linux

!

#include <linux/config.h>

SYSSIZE = DEF_SYSSIZE

!

!    bootsect.s        (C) 1991 Linus Torvalds

!    modified by Drew Eckhardt

!

! bootsect.s is loaded at 0x7c00 by the bios-startup routines, and moves

! iself out of the way to address 0x90000, and jumps there.

!

! It then loads 'setup' directly after itself (0x90200), and the system

! at 0x10000, using BIOS interrupts.

!

! NOTE! currently system is at most 8*65536 bytes long. This should be no

! problem, even in the future. I want to keep it simple. This 512 kB

! kernel size should be enough, especially as this doesn't contain the

! buffer cache as in minix

!

! The loader has been made as simple as possible, and continuos

! read errors will result in a unbreakable loop. Reboot by hand. It

! loads pretty fast by getting whole sectors at a time whenever possible.

.globl begtext, begdata, begbss, endtext, enddata, endbss

.text                        !cs段

begtext:

.data                        !ds段

begdata:

.bss                        !未初始化数据段

begbss:

.text                        !cs段开始

                            !程序运行前动作

                            !1.BIOS检测硬件

                            !2.在0x0000处设置BIOS中断信息

                            !3.加载bootsect.S

                            

                            

SETUPLEN = 4                ! nr of setup-sectors

BOOTSEG  = 0x07c0            ! original address of boot-sector

INITSEG  = DEF_INITSEG            ! we move boot here - out of the way

SETUPSEG = DEF_SETUPSEG            ! setup starts here

SYSSEG   = DEF_SYSSEG            ! system loaded at 0x10000 (65536).

ENDSEG   = SYSSEG + SYSSIZE        ! where to stop loading

! ROOT_DEV & SWAP_DEV are now written by "build".

ROOT_DEV = 0

SWAP_DEV = 0

                        !---将自身移植到0x90000

entry start

start:

    mov    ax,#BOOTSEG

    mov    ds,ax

    mov    ax,#INITSEG

    mov    es,ax

    mov    cx,#256

    sub    si,si

    sub    di,di

    rep

    movw

    jmpi    go,INITSEG

                            !设置寄存器

go:    mov    ax,cs        

    mov    dx,#0xfef4    ! arbitrary value >>512 - disk parm size

    mov    ds,ax

    mov    es,ax

    push    ax

    mov    ss,ax        ! put stack at 0x9ff00 - 12.

    mov    sp,dx

/*

*    Many BIOS's default disk parameter tables will not

*    recognize multi-sector reads beyond the maximum sector number

*    specified in the default diskette parameter tables - this may

*    mean 7 sectors in some cases.

*

*    Since single sector reads are slow and out of the question,

*    we must take care of this by creating new parameter tables

*    (for the first disk) in RAM.  We will set the maximum sector

*    count to 18 - the most we will encounter on an HD 1.44.  

*

*    High doesn't hurt.  Low does.

*

*    Segments are as follows: ds=es=ss=cs - INITSEG,

*        fs = 0, gs = parameter table segment

*/

                        !复制软驱参数表

    push    #0

    pop    fs

    mov    bx,#0x78        ! fs:bx is parameter table address

    seg fs

    lgs    si,(bx)            ! gs:si is source

    mov    di,dx            ! es:di is destination

    mov    cx,#6            ! copy 12 bytes

    cld

    rep

    seg gs

    movw

    mov    di,dx

    movb    4(di),*18        ! patch sector count

    seg fs

    mov    (bx),di

    seg fs

    mov    2(bx),es

                        !复位软盘

    pop    ax

    mov    fs,ax

    mov    gs,ax

    

    xor    ah,ah            ! reset FDC

    xor    dl,dl

    int     0x13    

! load the setup-sectors directly after the bootblock.

! Note that 'es' is already set up.

                        !读扇区－－－读setup.S代码

load_setup:

    xor    dx, dx            ! drive 0, head 0

    mov    cx,#0x0002        ! sector 2, track 0

    mov    bx,#0x0200        ! address = 512, in INITSEG

    mov    ax,#0x0200+SETUPLEN    ! service 2, nr of sectors

    int    0x13            ! read it

    jnc    ok_load_setup        ! ok - continue

    push    ax            ! dump error code

    call    print_nl

    mov    bp, sp

    call    print_hex

    pop    ax    

    

    xor    dl, dl            ! reset FDC

    xor    ah, ah

    int    0x13

    j    load_setup

ok_load_setup:

! Get disk drive parameters, specifically nr of sectors/track

    xor    dl,dl

    mov    ah,#0x08        ! AH=8 is get drive parameters

    int    0x13

    xor    ch,ch

    seg cs

    mov    sectors,cx

    mov    ax,#INITSEG

    mov    es,ax

! Print some inane message

    mov    ah,#0x03        ! read cursor pos

    xor    bh,bh

    int    0x10

    

    mov    cx,#9

    mov    bx,#0x0007        ! page 0, attribute 7 (normal)

    mov    bp,#msg1

    mov    ax,#0x1301        ! write string, move cursor

    int    0x10

! ok, we've written the message, now

! we want to load the system (at 0x10000)

    mov    ax,#SYSSEG

    mov    es,ax        ! segment of 0x010000

    call    read_it

    call    kill_motor

    call    print_nl

! After that we check which root-device to use. If the device is

! defined (!= 0), nothing is done and the given device is used.

! Otherwise, either /dev/PS0 (2,28) or /dev/at0 (2,8), depending

! on the number of sectors that the BIOS reports currently.

    seg cs

    mov    ax,root_dev

    or    ax,ax

    jne    root_defined

    seg cs

    mov    bx,sectors

    mov    ax,#0x0208        ! /dev/ps0 - 1.2Mb

    cmp    bx,#15

    je    root_defined

    mov    ax,#0x021c        ! /dev/PS0 - 1.44Mb

    cmp    bx,#18

    je    root_defined

undef_root:

    jmp undef_root

root_defined:

    seg cs

    mov    root_dev,ax

! after that (everyting loaded), we jump to

! the setup-routine loaded directly after

! the bootblock:

    jmpi    0,SETUPSEG

! This routine loads the system at address 0x10000, making sure

! no 64kB boundaries are crossed. We try to load it as fast as

! possible, loading whole tracks whenever we can.

!

! in:    es - starting address segment (normally 0x1000)

!

sread:    .word 1+SETUPLEN    ! sectors read of current track

head:    .word 0            ! current head

track:    .word 0            ! current track

read_it:

    mov ax,es

    test ax,#0x0fff

die:    jne die            ! es must be at 64kB boundary

    xor bx,bx        ! bx is starting address within segment

rp_read:

    mov ax,es

    cmp ax,#ENDSEG        ! have we loaded all yet?

    jb ok1_read

    ret

ok1_read:

    seg cs

    mov ax,sectors

    sub ax,sread

    mov cx,ax

    shl cx,#9

    add cx,bx

    jnc ok2_read

    je ok2_read

    xor ax,ax

    sub ax,bx

    shr ax,#9

ok2_read:

    call read_track

    mov cx,ax

    add ax,sread

    seg cs

    cmp ax,sectors

    jne ok3_read

    mov ax,#1

    sub ax,head

    jne ok4_read

    inc track

ok4_read:

    mov head,ax

    xor ax,ax

ok3_read:

    mov sread,ax

    shl cx,#9

    add bx,cx

    jnc rp_read

    mov ax,es

    add ah,#0x10

    mov es,ax

    xor bx,bx

    jmp rp_read

read_track:

    pusha

    pusha    

    mov    ax, #0xe2e     ! loading... message 2e = .

    mov    bx, #7

     int    0x10

    popa        

    mov dx,track

    mov cx,sread

    inc cx

    mov ch,dl

    mov dx,head

    mov dh,dl

    and dx,#0x0100

    mov ah,#2

    

    push    dx                ! save for error dump

    push    cx

    push    bx

    push    ax

    int 0x13

    jc bad_rt

    add    sp, #8      

    popa

    ret

bad_rt:    push    ax                ! save error code

    call    print_all            ! ah = error, al = read

    

    

    xor ah,ah

    xor dl,dl

    int 0x13

    

    add    sp, #10

    popa    

    jmp read_track

/*

*    print_all is for debugging purposes.  

*    It will print out all of the registers.  The assumption is that this is

*    called from a routine, with a stack frame like

*    dx

*    cx

*    bx

*    ax

*    error

*    ret <- sp

*

*/

**

print_all:

    mov    cx, #5        ! error code + 4 registers

    mov    bp, sp    

print_loop:

    push    cx        ! save count left

    call    print_nl    ! nl for readability

    jae    no_reg        ! see if register name is needed

    

    mov    ax, #0xe05 + 0x41 - 1

    sub    al, cl

    int    0x10

    mov    al, #0x58     ! X

    int    0x10

    mov    al, #0x3a     ! :

    int    0x10

no_reg:

    add    bp, #2        ! next register

    call    print_hex    ! print it

    pop    cx

    loop    print_loop

    ret

print_nl:

    mov    ax, #0xe0d    ! CR

    int    0x10

    mov    al, #0xa    ! LF

    int     0x10

    ret

/*

*    print_hex is for debugging purposes, and prints the word

*    pointed to by ss:bp in hexadecmial.

*/

print_hex:

    mov    cx, #4        ! 4 hex digits

    mov    dx, (bp)    ! load word into dx

print_digit:

    rol    dx, #4        ! rotate so that lowest 4 bits are used

    mov    ah, #0xe    

    mov    al, dl        ! mask off so we have only next nibble

    and    al, #0xf

    add    al, #0x30    ! convert to 0 based digit, '0'

    cmp    al, #0x39    ! check for overflow

    jbe    good_digit

    add    al, #0x41 - 0x30 - 0xa     ! 'A' - '0' - 0xa

good_digit:

    int    0x10

    loop    print_digit

    ret

/*

* This procedure turns off the floppy drive motor, so

* that we enter the kernel in a known state, and

* don't have to worry about it later.

*/

kill_motor:

    push dx

    mov dx,#0x3f2

    xor al, al

    outb

    pop dx

    ret

sectors:

    .word 0

msg1:

    .byte 13,10

    .ascii "Loading"

.org 506

swap_dev:

    .word SWAP_DEV

root_dev:

    .word ROOT_DEV

boot_flag:

    .word 0xAA55

.text

endtext:

.data

enddata:

.bss

endbss:

|xGv00|fcc8d4de8197f69fde70263fb4d52380