Variable and basic type

 

extern int i;//declares but does not define i

int i(0);//declares and defines I, init i as 0

extern int i=1;//initial i as 1

Can declares multiple times, but only can define one time.

 

Const key

const object cannot be modified so that it should initial when it was defined.

//file_1.cc

int counter;//uses counter form file_1

//file_2.cc

extern int count;//use counter from file_1

++counter;//increase counter defined in file_1

 

 

//file_1.cc

//defines and initializes a const that is accessible to other files

Extern const int bufSize=fcn();

//file_2.cc

Extern const int bufSize;//uses bufSize from file_1.cc

//uses bufSize defined in file_1

For(int index=0;index!=bufSize;++index)

//…

 

Typedef

typedef double wages;

wages hourly, weekly;

 

Enumeration

enum open_modes{input, output, append};

Enumeration member's value is a constant expression

enum Points{point2d=2, point2w, point3d=3, point3w}:

 

Interface and Implementation

Default access level: struct is public, class is private;

 

Header file(.h)

.h file is used for declaration, but not definition.

Some const object defined in header file

 

Header Guard(Preprocess defined)

#ifndef TEST_H

#define TEST_H

//Definition of Test class and related functions goes here

#endif

 

Terminology:

Access label

Address

Arithmetic type

Array

Byte

Class

Class member

Compound type

Const reference

Constant expression

Constructor

Copy-initialization

Data member

Declaration

Default constructor

Definition

Direct-initilization

Enumeration

Enumerator

Escape sequence

Global scope

Header

Header guard

Identifier

Implementation

Initialized

Integral type

Interface

Link

Literal constant

Local scope

Lvalue

Magic number

Nonconst reference

Nonprintable character

Object

Preprocessor

Private member

Public member

Reference

Run time

Rvalue

Scope

Separate compilation

Signed

Statically typed

Struct

Type-checking

Type specifier

Typedef

Undefined behavior

Uninitialized

Unsigned

Variable initialization

Void type

word