initrd(ramdisk)的内核处理流程

1, 先注册rootfs

start_kernel->vfs_caches_init->mnt_init->init_rootfs:register_filesystem(&rootfs_fs_type)->init_mount_tree

2, 处理initrd

对initrd的处理函数主要有两个：populate_rootfs()和prepare_namespace()

populate_rootfs: 在”/”下创建initrd.image文件（as CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM defined）,  然后把内存空间(启动参数：initrd=0x6000000,34190640)中解压后的images写入 "/initrd.image"文件, 再调用free_initrd释放存放initrd的内存空间(uboot传入内核的地址)

prepare_namespace:  initrd_load创建Root_RAM0类型的/dev/ram0设备节点(就是ramdisk设备节点), 再调用rd_load_image将文件/initrd.image加载进/dev/ram0, 之后删除文件initrd.image, 然后调用handle_initrd将ramdisk节点/dev/ram0 mount到/root目录, 进入/root目录，将当前目录mount为根目录，然后切换当前目录为程序执行所参考的根目录位置.

int __init initrd_load(void)
{
	if (mount_initrd) {
		create_dev("/dev/ram", Root_RAM0);
		/*
		 * Load the initrd data into /dev/ram0. Execute it as initrd
		 * unless /dev/ram0 is supposed to be our actual root device,
		 * in that case the ram disk is just set up here, and gets
		 * mounted in the normal path.
		 */
		if (rd_load_image("/initrd.image") && ROOT_DEV != Root_RAM0) { //initrd.image"位于rootfs中的image文件

			sys_unlink("/initrd.image");
			handle_initrd();
			return 1;
		}
	}
	sys_unlink("/initrd.image");
	return 0;
}

int __init rd_load_image(char *from)
{
	int res = 0;
	int in_fd, out_fd;
	unsigned long rd_blocks, devblocks;
	int nblocks, i, disk;
	char *buf = NULL;
	unsigned short rotate = 0;
	decompress_fn decompressor = NULL;
#if !defined(CONFIG_S390)
	char rotator[4] = { '|' , '/' , '-' , '\\' };
#endif

	out_fd = sys_open("/dev/ram", O_RDWR, 0); //打开rootfs中的ram节点
	if (out_fd < 0)
		goto out;

	in_fd = sys_open(from, O_RDONLY, 0); //打开rootfs中的ramdisk镜像（"/initrd.image"）
	if (in_fd < 0)
		goto noclose_input;

	nblocks = identify_ramdisk_image(in_fd, rd_image_start, &decompressor);
	if (nblocks < 0)
		goto done;

	if (nblocks == 0) {
		if (crd_load(in_fd, out_fd, decompressor) == 0) //加载initrd.image到/dev/ram

			goto successful_load;
		goto done;
	}

	/*
	 * NOTE NOTE: nblocks is not actually blocks but
	 * the number of kibibytes of data to load into a ramdisk.
	 * So any ramdisk block size that is a multiple of 1KiB should
	 * work when the appropriate ramdisk_blocksize is specified
	 * on the command line.
	 *
	 * The default ramdisk_blocksize is 1KiB and it is generally
	 * silly to use anything else, so make sure to use 1KiB
	 * blocksize while generating ext2fs ramdisk-images.
	 */
	if (sys_ioctl(out_fd, BLKGETSIZE, (unsigned long)&rd_blocks) < 0)
		rd_blocks = 0;
	else
		rd_blocks >>= 1;

	if (nblocks > rd_blocks) {
		printk("RAMDISK: image too big! (%dKiB/%ldKiB)\n",
		       nblocks, rd_blocks);
		goto done;
	}

	/*
	 * OK, time to copy in the data
	 */
	if (sys_ioctl(in_fd, BLKGETSIZE, (unsigned long)&devblocks) < 0)
		devblocks = 0;
	else
		devblocks >>= 1;

	if (strcmp(from, "/initrd.image") == 0)
		devblocks = nblocks;

	if (devblocks == 0) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "RAMDISK: could not determine device size\n");
		goto done;
	}

	buf = kmalloc(BLOCK_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!buf) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "RAMDISK: could not allocate buffer\n");
		goto done;
	}

	printk(KERN_NOTICE "RAMDISK: Loading %dKiB [%ld disk%s] into ram disk... ",
		nblocks, ((nblocks-1)/devblocks)+1, nblocks>devblocks ? "s" : "");
	for (i = 0, disk = 1; i < nblocks; i++) {
		if (i && (i % devblocks == 0)) {
			printk("done disk #%d.\n", disk++);
			rotate = 0;
			if (sys_close(in_fd)) {
				printk("Error closing the disk.\n");
				goto noclose_input;
			}
			change_floppy("disk #%d", disk);
			in_fd = sys_open(from, O_RDONLY, 0);
			if (in_fd < 0)  {
				printk("Error opening disk.\n");
				goto noclose_input;
			}
			printk("Loading disk #%d... ", disk);
		}
		sys_read(in_fd, buf, BLOCK_SIZE);
		sys_write(out_fd, buf, BLOCK_SIZE);
#if !defined(CONFIG_S390)
		if (!(i % 16)) {
			printk("%c\b", rotator[rotate & 0x3]);
			rotate++;
		}
#endif
	}
	printk("done.\n");

successful_load:
	res = 1;
done:
	sys_close(in_fd);
noclose_input:
	sys_close(out_fd);
out:
	kfree(buf);
	sys_unlink("/dev/ram");
	return res;
}