高数习题8.7

1. 求下列向量场在指定点的散度：
   (1) $\mathbf{F}=(5xy,\frac{xy}{z},3ln(xz))$，在$(6,1,3)$处
   (2) $\mathbf{F}=\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\mathbf{i}+ln(y+\sqrt{y^2+z^2})\mathbf{j}+\sqrt{y^2+z^2}\mathbf{k}$，在$(3,4,3)$处
   解：
   (1) $div\mathbf{F}=\frac{\partial (5xy)}{\partial x}+\frac{\partial (\frac{xy}{z})}{\partial y}+\frac{\partial (3ln(xz))}{\partial z}=5y+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{3}{z}$
   $div{\mathbf{F}}_{(6,1,3)}=8$
   (2) $div\mathbf{F}=\frac{\partial (\sqrt{x^2+y^2})}{\partial x}+\frac{\partial (ln(y+\sqrt{y^2+z^2}))}{\partial y}+\frac{\partial (\sqrt{y^2+z^2})}{\partial z}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}}+\frac{1+z}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2}}$
   $div{\mathbf{F}}_{(3,4,3)}=\frac{7}{5}$
2. 设$\mathbf{a}$为常向量，$\mathbf{r}=(x,y,z),r=|\mathbf{r}|$，$f(r)$为r的可微函数，求下列各式的值：
   (1) $\nabla \cdot (r\mathbf{a});$(2) $\nabla \cdot (r^2\mathbf{a});$(3) $\nabla \cdot (r^n\mathbf{a})$(n为正整数);(4) $\nabla \cdot (\frac{\mathbf{r}}{r^3});$
   (5) $\nabla \cdot [f(r)\mathbf{a}];$(6) $\nabla \cdot [gradf(r)];$(7) $\nabla \cdot [f(r)\mathbf{r}]$
   解：
   设$\mathbf{a}=(C_0,C_1,C_2)$，$|r|=\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}$
   (1) $\nabla \cdot (r\mathbf{a})=\frac{\partial (C_0\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2})}{\partial x}+\frac{\partial (C_1\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2})}{\partial y}+\frac{\partial (C_2\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2})}{\partial z}=\frac{C_{0}x+C_{1}y+C_{2}z}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}}=\frac{\mathbf{a}\cdot \mathbf{r}}{r}$
   (2) $\nabla \cdot (r^2\mathbf{a})=\frac{\partial (C_0(x^2+y^2+z^2))}{\partial x}+\frac{\partial (C_1(x^2+y^2+z^2))}{\partial y}+\frac{\partial (C_2(x^2+y^2+z^2))}{\partial z}=2C_0$