∑
i
=
1
n
i
=
n
(
n
+
1
)
2
\sum_{i=1}^ni=\frac{n(n+1)}{2}
i=1∑ni=2n(n+1)
∑
i
=
1
n
i
2
=
2
n
3
+
3
n
2
+
n
6
\sum_{i=1}^ni^2=\frac{2n^3+3n^2+n}{6}
i=1∑ni2=62n3+3n2+n
∑
i
=
1
n
i
3
=
n
4
+
2
n
3
+
n
2
4
\sum_{i=1}^ni^3=\frac{n^4+2n^3+n^2}{4}
i=1∑ni3=4n4+2n3+n2
∑
i
=
1
n
i
4
=
6
n
5
+
15
n
4
+
10
n
3
−
n
30
\sum_{i=1}^ni^4=\frac{6n^5+15n^4+10n^3-n}{30}
i=1∑ni4=306n5+15n4+10n3−n
补个证明,以平方和为例,高次类似。
{ ( n + 1 ) 3 − n 3 = 3 n 2 + 3 n + 1 n 3 − ( n − 1 ) 3 = 3 ( n − 1 ) 2 + 3 ( n − 1 ) + 1 ⋯ ⋯ 2 3 − 1 3 = 3 ⋅ 1 2 + 3 ⋅ 1 + 1 \begin{cases}(n+1)^3-n^3=3n^2+3n+1 \\ n^3-(n-1)^3=3(n-1)^2+3(n-1)+1 \\ \cdots \\ \cdots \\ 2^3-1^3=3\cdot1^2+3\cdot1+1\end{cases} ⎩⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎧(n+1)3−n3=3n2+3n+1n3−(n−1)3=3(n−1)2+3(n−1)+1⋯⋯23−13=3⋅12+3⋅1+1
左右分别相加,设
∑
i
=
1
n
i
2
=
X
\sum_{i=1}^ni^2=X
∑i=1ni2=X,则有
(
n
+
1
)
3
−
1
3
=
3
X
+
3
⋅
n
(
n
+
1
)
2
+
n
(n+1)^3-1^3=3X+3\cdot\frac{n(n+1)}{2}+n
(n+1)3−13=3X+3⋅2n(n+1)+n
整理可得
X
=
2
n
3
+
3
n
2
+
n
6
X=\frac{2n^3+3n^2+n}{6}
X=62n3+3n2+n
听说大概还可以用拉格朗日插值法?
博主太菜了,暂时还不会QAQ