关于RecyclerView的一点自己的学习体会

RecyclerView是Android 5.0之后推出的在support-v7包里的新控件，是一个可以在有限的视图中展示大量数据集的控件。具体使用的用法如下：

 LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(SetActivity.this);
        mRecycleView.setLayoutManager(manager);
        mAdatper = new MyAdatper(mDatalist);
        mRecycleView.setAdapter(mAdatper);
        //使用系统自带的itemDecoration，V7包里面的
        mRecycleView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(SetActivity.this,manager.getOrientation()));
        mRecycleView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator()); //使用默认的系统动画

一、LayoutManager与RecyclerView.Adapter

1、RecyclerView.LayoutManager，作为负责Item视图的布局显示管理器，设置Item View在RecyclerView中的位置布局，以及其显示或隐藏，当 Item View重用或者回收的时候，LayoutManger都会向Adapter来请求新的数据来替换原来数据的内容。这种回收重用的机制避免初始化布局，频繁的调用findViewById方法而大大提高了性能；RecyclerView提供了三种内置的LayoutManager:
①LinearLayoutManager:线性布局,横向或者纵向滑动列表
②GridLayoutManager:表格布局
③StaggeredGridLayoutManager:流式布局, 瀑布流效果

2、RecyclerView.Adapter ，主要用来托管数据集合，将数据与布局Item进行绑定

 class MyAdatper extends  RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>{


        @Override
        public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
            View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.sample_list_item, parent, false);
            return new MyViewHolder(view);
        }

        @Override
        public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, final int position) {

        }

        @Override
        public int getItemCount() {
            return mDatalist.size();
        }
    }

RecyclerView.Adapter 把Item View视图的创建和数据绑定分开进行管理，onCreateViewHolder（）方法为每个Item View inflater出一个View，然后把View直接封装在ViewHolder返回，onBindViewHolder()方法将数据与ViewHolder绑定到一起，而 getItemCount()方法就是返回总共有多少条目。

二、RecyclerView.ItemDecoration 其可以是绘图或者布局，主要用于突出显示，可视化分组边界，来区分适配器中与数据集绑定的Item View。

 public static abstract class ItemDecoration {
        /**
         * Draw any appropriate decorations into the Canvas supplied to the RecyclerView.
         * Any content drawn by this method will be drawn before the item views are drawn,
         * and will thus appear underneath the views.
         *
         * @param c Canvas to draw into
         * @param parent RecyclerView this ItemDecoration is drawing into
         * @param state The current state of RecyclerView
         */
        public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, State state) {
            onDraw(c, parent);
        }


        /**
         * Draw any appropriate decorations into the Canvas supplied to the RecyclerView.
         * Any content drawn by this method will be drawn after the item views are drawn
         * and will thus appear over the views.
         *
         * @param c Canvas to draw into
         * @param parent RecyclerView this ItemDecoration is drawing into
         * @param state The current state of RecyclerView.
         */
        public void onDrawOver(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, State state) {
            onDrawOver(c, parent);
        }


        /**
         * Retrieve any offsets for the given item. Each field of <code>outRect</code> specifies
         * the number of pixels that the item view should be inset by, similar to padding or margin.
         * The default implementation sets the bounds of outRect to 0 and returns.
         *
         * <p>
         * If this ItemDecoration does not affect the positioning of item views, it should set
         * all four fields of <code>outRect</code> (left, top, right, bottom) to zero
         * before returning.
         *
         * <p>
         * If you need to access Adapter for additional data, you can call
         * {@link RecyclerView#getChildAdapterPosition(View)} to get the adapter position of the
         * View.
         *
         * @param outRect Rect to receive the output.
         * @param view    The child view to decorate
         * @param parent  RecyclerView this ItemDecoration is decorating
         * @param state   The current state of RecyclerView.
         */
        public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, State state) {
            getItemOffsets(outRect, ((LayoutParams) view.getLayoutParams()).getViewLayoutPosition(),
                    parent);
        }
    }

RecyclerView在进行绘制的时候会进行绘制Decoration,那么会去调用onDraw()和onDrawOver()方法，那么这边我们其实只要去重写onDraw()或onDrawOver()和getItemOffsets()这两个方法就可以实现, 然后LayoutManager会进行Item布局的时候，回去调用getItemOffsets()方法来计算每个Item的Decoration合适的尺寸。

三、RecyclerView.ItemAnimator 这是一个抽象类，此类定义了对适配器进行更改时，Item上发生的动画效果，默认情况下，RecyclerView使用DefaultItemAnimator，并使用setItemAnimator（）方法来设置，当然也可以对ViewHolder通过实现ItemAnimator的子类来实现自定义动画。

这里更新数据集不是用adapter.notifyDataSetChanged()而是
notifyItemInserted(position)与notifyItemRemoved(position) ，否则没有动画效果。notifyItemInserted(position)是在第pos位置插入一条数据的时候回调此方法更新，其调用后有插入的动画。而notifyDataSetChanged()就跟ListView的Adapter方法一样，就是更新整个Adapter中的数据集。说到这里，RecyclerView还有notifyItemChanged(position)方法，当pos位置的数据发生了改变，就会回调此方法，同时调用Adapter中的onBinderViewHolder()方法；