对DataFrame的列进行独热编码（OneHot）

代码出处：https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_30316741/article/details/88080158，
原文把处理DataFrame的代码注释掉了，另外还有一点是把原文代码中的if type(data) == pandas.core.frame.DataFrame:里面的pandas改成pd，然后在我的机子上才能运行

#onehot
from sklearn import preprocessing  
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
enc = preprocessing.OneHotEncoder()  #相关onehot的包
 
#独热编码
def set_OneHotEncoder(data,colname,start_index,end_index):
    '''
    data -- [[1,2,3,4,7],[0,5,6,8,9]]
    start_index -- 起始列位置索引
    end_index -- 结束列位置索引. 如start_index为1，end_index为3，则取出来的为[[2,3,4],[5,6,8]]
    '''
    if type(data) == pd.core.frame.DataFrame:
        data = np.array(data).tolist()
    if type(data) != list:
        return  'Error dataType, expect list but ' + str(type(data))
    _data,_colname =[line[:start_index] for line in data],colname[:start_index]
    data_,colname_ = [line[end_index+1:] for line in data],colname[end_index+1:]
    
    data = [line[start_index:end_index+1] for line in data]
    data = pd.DataFrame(data)
    data.columns = colname[start_index:end_index+1]
    enc.fit(data)
    x_ = enc.transform(data).toarray() #已生成
    x_ = [list(line) for line in x_]
    #加栏目名
    new_columns = []
    for col in data.columns:
        dd = sorted(list(set(list(data[col])))) #去重并根据升序排列
        for line in dd:
            new_columns.append(str(col)+'#'+str(line))
 
    end_x = list(map(lambda x,y,z:x+y+z,_data,x_,data_))
    end_columns = list(_colname)+new_columns+list(colname_)
    x__ = pd.DataFrame(end_x,columns = end_columns)
    return x__ #返回数据框形式
 
#哑变量
# 对性别、职业等因子变量，构造其哑变量(虚拟变量)
def set_dummies(data, colname):
    for col in colname:
        data[col] = data[col].astype('category')#转换成数据类别类型，pandas用法
        dummy = pd.get_dummies(data[col])  #get_dummies为pandas里面求哑变量的包
        dummy = dummy.add_prefix('{}#'.format(col)) #add_prefix为加上前缀
        data.drop(col,axis = 1,inplace = True)
        data = data.join(dummy) #index即为userid，所以可以用join
    return data
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
 
    xlst = [[0,2,1,3,4,5],[9,1,1,4,5,6],[8,9,2,3,4,6],[8,11,23,56,78,99]]
    x = pd.DataFrame(xlst)
    x.columns = ['a','b','c','d','e','f']
    y = [1,0,1,1,1]
    print('----------------------------以下为onehot----------------------------------')
    print(set_OneHotEncoder(x,x.columns,2,4))