Ubuntu 访问移动硬盘/U盘时弹出“An operation is pending“

背景描述

一时手贱，没有卸载移动硬盘（exFAT文件系统）就直接拔下USB，再插上移动硬盘尝试进入目录时弹出报错窗口，提示：
An operation is pending

解决过程

1. 首先df查看设备状态，检查移动硬盘挂载点，显示该硬盘已经被挂载

$ df
文件系统            1K-块       已用       可用 已用% 挂载点
...
/dev/sdc1      4883734528 1721180160 3162554368   36% /media/yyz/M21

2. 第一次尝试umount卸载移动硬盘，报错 target is busy.。说明有进程正在使用该设备，参考网友分享使用fuser命令杀掉占用资源的进程。
3. 第二次尝试umount卸载移动硬盘，报错 not mounted：

$ umount /dev/sdc1
Error unmounting block device 8:33: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.UDisks2.Error.Failed: Error unmounting /dev/sdc1: not mounted

4. 于是尝试mount挂载该硬盘，报错 mountpoint is not empty：

sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /media/yyz/M21
FUSE exfat 1.2.8
WARN: volume was not unmounted cleanly.
fuse: mountpoint is not empty
fuse: if you are sure this is safe, use the 'nonempty' mount option

5. 根据askubuntu.com的问答，使用 fsck.exfat 修复该硬盘：

$ sudo fsck.exfat /dev/sdc1
exfatfsck 1.2.8
Checking file system on /dev/sdc1.
File system version           1.0
Sector size                 512 bytes
Cluster size                  4 MB
Volume size                4657 GB
Used space                 1641 GB
Available space            3016 GB

ERROR: failed to read cluster 0x22e.
ERROR: 'unpackd' is empty but start cluster is 0x6658e.
ERROR: 'unpackd' is empty but marked as contiguous (0x20).
ERROR: failed to read cluster 0x3bbac.
Totally 4468 directories and 7554 files.
File system checking finished. ERRORS FOUND: 4.
$ 

6. 完成后，即可正常卸载、挂载移动硬盘