opencv 透视变换（三）打补丁 — 替换指定区域图像

        如图，将一个矩形图像投射到图像上某一区域。这里用到几何图像变换的透视变换。首先要计算出源图像矩形（或图像中的某一区域）与目标区域间的变换矩阵，再对源图像中区域进行透视变换，再对两幅图像进行加操作。由于处理效果像对图像加上补丁，为形象化表达这里称为打补丁。

        如果想从其他图像的一个不规则区域这里专指四边形区域图像，还可以参考本系列的“抠补丁”文章从图像中任意四边形区域中获取。

        这里参考以下资料进行学习、整理、记录，对原代码进行简单改动和注释，如用getPerspectiveTransform()函数替换findHomography()计算转换矩阵。感谢两位。

Opencv日常之Homography_adsdriver的博客-CSDN博客_homography

Homography examples using OpenCV ( Python / C ++ ) |

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

struct userdata
{
	Mat img;
	vector<Point2f> points;
};


void mouseHandler(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void* data_ptr)
{
	if (event == EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN)
	{
		userdata* data = ((userdata*)data_ptr);
		circle(data->img, Point(x, y), 3, Scalar(0, 255, 255), 5);
		imshow("Image", data->img);
		if (data->points.size() < 4)
		{
			data->points.push_back(Point2f(x, y));
		}
	}

}

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{

	// Read in the image. 图标
	Mat img_icon = imread("outRect.jpg");

	int nrows = img_icon.rows;
	int ncols = img_icon.cols;

	Size size = img_icon.size();
	// Create a vector of points.
	vector<Point2f> src_points;
	src_points.push_back(Point2f(0, 0));
	src_points.push_back(Point2f(size.width - 1, 0));
	src_points.push_back(Point2f(size.width - 1, size.height - 1));
	src_points.push_back(Point2f(0, size.height - 1));

	// Destination image 大图
	Mat im_dst = imread("D:/show-1.jpg");

	// Set data for mouse handler
	Mat im_temp = im_dst.clone();
	userdata data;
	data.img = im_temp;


	imshow("Image", im_temp);
	cout << "Click on four corners(start from left-top to left-bottom) of a billboard and then press ENTER" << endl;
	//set the callback function for any mouse event
	setMouseCallback("Image", mouseHandler, &data);
	waitKey(0);

	// Calculate Homography between source and destination points
	Mat h = findHomography(src_points, data.points);
	warpPerspective(img_icon, im_temp, h, im_temp.size());  //把整图投射到全0大图的某一区域

	// Extract four points from mouse data
	Point pts_dst[4];
	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
	{
		pts_dst[i] = data.points[i];
	}

	// Black out polygonal area in destination image.
	fillConvexPoly(im_dst, pts_dst, 4, Scalar(0));	//将图像多边形区域置零

	// Add warped source image to destination image.
	im_dst = im_dst + im_temp;

	imshow("dst", im_dst);


	waitKey(0);

	return 0;
}