1、一对一关联查询的案例
1.1 需求
根据班级id查询班级信息(带老师信息)
1.2 创建表和数据
创建一张教师表和班级表,这里我们假设一个老师只负责教一个班,那么老师和班级之间的关系就是一种一对一的关系。
CREATE TABLE teacher(
t_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
t_name VARCHAR(20)
);
CREATE TABLE class(
c_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
c_name VARCHAR(20),
teacher_id INT
);
ALTER TABLE class ADD CONSTRAINT fk_teacher_id FOREIGN KEY (teacher_id) REFERENCES teacher(t_id);
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES('teacher1');
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES('teacher2');
INSERT INTO class(c_name, teacher_id) VALUES('class_a', 1);
INSERT INTO class(c_name, teacher_id) VALUES('class_b', 2);
2、定义实体类
2.1 Teacher类,Teacher类是teacher表对应的实体类
public class Teacher {
// 定义实体类的属性,与teacher表中的字段对应
private int id; // id===>t_id
private String name; // name===>t_name
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Teacher [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
}
}
2.2 Classes类,Classes类是class表对应的实体类
public class Classes {
// 定义实体类的属性,与class表中的字段对应
private int id; // id===>c_id
private String name; // name===>c_name
/**
* class表中有一个teacher_id字段,所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性,
* 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系,通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个班级是由哪个老师负责的
*/
private Teacher teacher;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", teacher=" + teacher
+ "]";
}
}
3、定义Mapper对象ClassMapper
public interface ClassMapper {
/**
* 用于测试,非懒加载的one2one的实现
*
* @param id
* @return
*/
public Classes getClass1(int id);
/**
* 用于测试,懒加载的one2one的实现
*
* @param id
* @return
*/
public Classes getClass2(int id);
}
4、定义sql映射文件classMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.baowei.mapper.ClassMapper">
<!--
根据班级id查询班级信息(带老师的信息)
##1. 联表查询(非懒加载的实现)
SELECT * FROM class c,teacher t WHERE c.teacher_id=t.t_id AND c.c_id=1;
##2. 执行两次查询(懒加载的实现)
SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=1; //teacher_id=1
SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id=1;//使用上面得到的teacher_id
-->
<!--
方式一:(非懒加载的实现)
嵌套结果:使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集
封装联表查询的数据(去除重复的数据)
select * from class c, teacher t where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.c_id=1
-->
<select id="getClass1" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap">
select *
from class c, teacher t where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.c_id=#{id}
</select>
<!-- 使用resultMap映射实体类和字段之间的一一对应关系 -->
<resultMap type="com.baowei.entity.Classes" id="ClassResultMap">
<id property="id" column="c_id" />
<result property="name" column="c_name" />
<association property="teacher" javaType="com.baowei.entity.Teacher">
<id property="id" column="t_id" />
<result property="name" column="t_name" />
</association>
</resultMap>
<!--
方式二:(懒加载的实现)
嵌套查询:通过执行另外一个SQL映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型
SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=1;
SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id=1 //1 是上一个查询得到的teacher_id的值
-->
<select id="getClass2" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap2">
select *
from class where c_id=#{id}
</select>
<!-- 使用resultMap映射实体类和字段之间的一一对应关系 -->
<resultMap type="com.baowei.entity.Classes" id="ClassResultMap2">
<id property="id" column="c_id" />
<result property="name" column="c_name" />
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id"
select="getTeacher" />
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" parameterType="int"
resultType="com.baowei.entity.Teacher">
SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id}
</select>
</mapper>
5、Mybatis核心配置文件SqlMapConfig.xml的配置
5.1 打开Mybatis的懒加载功能
<!--用于设置懒加载的设置 -->
<settings>
<!-- 打开延迟加载的开关 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true" />
<!-- 将积极加载改为消息加载即按需加载 -->
<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false" />
</settings>
5.2 完整的SqlMapConfig.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--用于加载数据库的连接配置 -->
<properties resource="db.properties" />
<!--用于设置懒加载的设置 -->
<settings>
<!-- 打开延迟加载的开关 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true" />
<!-- 将积极加载改为消息加载即按需加载 -->
<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false" />
</settings>
<!--数据库的连接配置 -->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<!-- 使用jdbc事务管理,事务控制由mybatis -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
<!-- 数据库连接池,由mybatis管理 -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 加载 映射文件 -->
<mappers>
<package name="com.baowei.mapper" />
</mappers>
</configuration>
6、MyBatisUtil.java工具的使用
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
public class MyBatisUtil {
/**
* 获取SqlSessionFactory
*
* @return SqlSessionFactory
*/
public static SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory() {
String resource = "SqlMapConfig.xml";
InputStream inputStream = null;
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;
try {
inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder()
.build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sqlSessionFactory;
}
/**
* 获取SqlSession
*
* @return SqlSession
*/
public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
return getSqlSessionFactory().openSession();
}
/**
* 获取SqlSession
*
* @param isAutoCommit
* true 表示创建的SqlSession对象在执行完SQL之后会自动提交事务 false
* 表示创建的SqlSession对象在执行完SQL之后不会自动提交事务
* ,这时就需要我们手动调用sqlSession.commit()提交事务
* @return SqlSession
*/
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(boolean isAutoCommit) {
return getSqlSessionFactory().openSession(isAutoCommit);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(getSqlSessionFactory());
}
}
7、one2one关联查询的测试代码
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.baowei.entity.Classes;
import com.baowei.mapper.ClassMapper;
import com.baowei.utils.MyBatisUtil;
public class TestOne2One {
/**
* 非懒加载的one2one的测试
*/
@Test
public void testGetClass() {
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
ClassMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassMapper.class);
Classes clazz = mapper.getClass1(1);
// 使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
System.out.println(clazz.getId());
}
/**
* 懒加载的one2one的测试
*/
@Test
public void testGetClass2() {
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
ClassMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassMapper.class);
Classes clazz = mapper.getClass2(1);
// 使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
System.out.println(clazz.getId());
// 可用于测试懒加载(查看日志的sql输出结果,就可以发现使用了懒加载)
//System.out.println(clazz.getTeacher());
}
}
8、Mybatis一对一关联查询的总结
MyBatis中使用association标签来解决一对一的关联查询,association标签可用的属性如下:
- property:对象属性的名称
- javaType:对象属性的类型
- column:所对应的外键字段名称
- select:使用另一个查询封装的结果
9、参考博文地址
http://www.cnblogs.com/xdp-gacl/p/4264440.html
10、源码下载