WSL无法通过SSH从git拉取仓库代码

问题描述

在上一篇博客中，解决了无法从git拉取仓库到本地的问题，但是当时的办法并未完全解决这个问题，当时只能通过HTTPS协议拉取git仓库，下面介绍如何通过SSH从git拉取仓库，过程参考了这篇博客。

生成SSH密钥对

cd ~/.ssh
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "yang1294891635@gmail.com"
Generating public/private ed25519 key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/yukeyang/.ssh/id_ed25519): id_ed25519
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in id_ed25519
Your public key has been saved in id_ed25519.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:/V+VhNBWst//P3fRGfF/1mVEOH3UCuOPI5ZwidxEqNo yang1294891635@gmail.com
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ED25519 256]--+
|         o.....*+|
|        . . +o*.=|
|       o + o.= =+|
|      . +.+ . +.*|
|     o  So.. o +X|
|    . E   +.o .oO|
|         . ... .=|
|             . o+|
|              . B|
+----[SHA256]-----+

执行上面的命令后，会在命令窗输出公钥的信息，我的公钥是SHA256:/V+VhNBWst//P3fRGfF/1mVEOH3UCuOPI5ZwidxEqNo yang1294891635@gmail.com

同时，会在当前目录生成id_ed25519和id_ed25519.pub这两个密钥对文件，pub后缀名的文件是公钥，另一个是私钥。

yukeyang@DESKTOP-QFK2F47:~/myfiles/assignment-2-yang-yuke$ ls -a ~/.ssh/
.  ..  id_ed25519  id_ed25519.pub  id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts

将公钥添加到git

打开github，点击右上角个人图标，然后点击Settings，进入设置界面，然后点击SSH and GPG keys，再点击New SSH Key。

将上面的公钥信息填到Key文本框里，然后点击Add SSH Key。

添加私钥到本地的SSH agent

yukeyang@DESKTOP-QFK2F47:~/myfiles/assignment-2-yang-yuke$ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
Agent pid 553
yukeyang@DESKTOP-QFK2F47:~/myfiles/assignment-2-yang-yuke$ ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
Identity added: /home/yukeyang/.ssh/id_ed25519 (yang1294891635@gmail.com)

生成配置文件

到这里，虽然把SSH公钥添加到了github上，把私钥也添加到了SSH agent，但还需要配置文件，否则还是可能无法通过SSH连接到github服务器。

输入以下命令，在~/.ssh目录下创建名为config的文件。

yukeyang@DESKTOP-QFK2F47:~/myfiles/assignment-2-yang-yuke$ cd ~/.ssh
yukeyang@DESKTOP-QFK2F47:~/.ssh$ vim config

按照以下文本格式修改你的config文件，User改成你自己的邮箱即可。

Host github.com
User yang1294891635@gmail.com
Hostname ssh.github.com
PreferredAuthentications publickey
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
Port 443

测试SSH连接

完成上述步骤后，应该就可以通过SSH连接git服务器了，输入以下命令测试一下，可以看到，已经可以通过SSH连接git服务器了。

yukeyang@DESKTOP-QFK2F47:~/.ssh$ ssh git@github.com
The authenticity of host '[ssh.github.com]:443 ([20.205.243.160]:443)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:p2QAMXNIC1TJYWeIOttrVc98/R1BUFWu3/LiyKgUfQM.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[ssh.github.com]:443,[20.205.243.160]:443' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
PTY allocation request failed on channel 0
Hi yang-yuke! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.
Connection to ssh.github.com closed.

通过SSH协议拉取git仓库

复制git仓库的SSH协议的URL。

执行以下命令，使用SSH类型的URL来拉取git仓库，可以看到，已经可以成功地拉取git仓库到本地了。

yukeyang@DESKTOP-QFK2F47:~/myfiles/assignment-2-yang-yuke$ git remote add assignments-base git@github.com:cu-ecen-aeld/aesd-assignments.git
yukeyang@DESKTOP-QFK2F47:~/myfiles/assignment-2-yang-yuke$ git fetch assignments-base
remote: Enumerating objects: 339, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (87/87), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (41/41), done.
remote: Total 339 (delta 62), reused 46 (delta 46), pack-reused 252
Receiving objects: 100% (339/339), 55.26 KiB | 73.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (130/130), done.
From github.com:cu-ecen-aeld/aesd-assignments
 * [new branch]      assignment2                -> assignments-base/assignment2
 * [new branch]      assignment3-part-1         -> assignments-base/assignment3-part-1
 * [new branch]      assignment3-part-2         -> assignments-base/assignment3-part-2
 * [new branch]      assignment4                -> assignments-base/assignment4
 * [new branch]      assignment5                -> assignments-base/assignment5
 * [new branch]      assignment6                -> assignments-base/assignment6
 * [new branch]      assignment7                -> assignments-base/assignment7
 * [new branch]      assignment8                -> assignments-base/assignment8
 * [new branch]      assignment9                -> assignments-base/assignment9
 * [new branch]      finder-test-fix            -> assignments-base/finder-test-fix
 * [new branch]      master                     -> assignments-base/master
 * [new branch]      update-assignment-autotest -> assignments-base/update-assignment-autotest
 * [new branch]      yaml-fix-A3P1              -> assignments-base/yaml-fix-A3P1
 * [new branch]      yaml-fix-A3P2              -> assignments-base/yaml-fix-A3P2
 * [new branch]      yaml-fix-a1                -> assignments-base/yaml-fix-a1
 * [new branch]      yaml-fix-a2                -> assignments-base/yaml-fix-a2

参考

[1] 解决git clone无法克隆开源代码问题：ssh: connect to host github.com port 22: Connection refused