CBase类处于作用域的外层,派生类的方法对于其将是不可见的,即隐藏的。而在派生类中,如果有重载函数时,基类函数将会被隐藏,否则基类函数就不被隐藏。
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//基类
class CBase
{
public:
CBase();
~CBase();
virtual void Walk() { cout << "CBase:Walk" << endl; }
virtual void Jump() { cout << "CBase:Jump" << endl; }
void Run(int speed) { cout << "CBase:Run:" << "Speed=" << speed << endl; }
};
//派生
class CDerivedA : public CBase
{
public:
CDerivedA();
~CDerivedA();
void Walk() { cout << "CDerivedA:Walk" << endl; }
void Jump() { cout << "CDerivedA:Jump" << endl; }
void Run(int speed) { cout << "CDerivedA:Run" << "Speed=" << speed << endl; }
void Run(int speed, int direction) { cout << "CDerivedA:Run" << "Speed=" << speed << ";Direction=" << direction << endl; }
};
CBase::CBase()
{
}
CBase::~CBase()
{
}
CDerivedA::CDerivedA()
{
}
CDerivedA::~CDerivedA()
{
}
int main()
{
CBase *pTmp1 = new CDerivedA;
pTmp1->Walk();
pTmp1->Jump();
pTmp1->Run(20);
CDerivedA *pTmp2 = (CDerivedA*)pTmp1;
pTmp2->Run(20, 3);//合法的
//pTmp1->Run(20,3);//不合法
}
说明:
1. CDerived和CBase之间就是函数覆盖关系,Walk和Jump函数被派生类覆盖,输出肯定是派生类函数的输出;
2. CBase类处于作用域的外层,派生类的方法对于其将是不可见的,即隐藏的。而在派生类中,如果有重载函数时,基类函数将会被隐藏,否则基类函数就不被隐藏。
基类中void Run(int speed)与派生类中void Run(int speed)函数就是重载(overload)关系,当使用基类来调用派生类对象中重载函数,会根据其作用域来判断,如基类CBase,其作用域就是CBase这个类的大括号包含的内容,派生类CDeriverdA其作用域就是CDerivedA大括号中包含的内容。因此在使用基类调用派生类对象中的Run方法时,会执行基类的Run方法。
派生类中void Run(int speed, int direction) 是派生类中的重载方法,在基类是不能调用的。