dx9.0纹理

于 2022-11-19 16:52:54 发布
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分类专栏： diectx 文章标签： 游戏
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhangdaochao/article/details/127938437
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注意点

  • 需要安装dx9.0和vs2019设置，可以参考这个https://www.cnblogs.com/Thermo/p/15779136.html
  • 顶点缓存6个面中后面和下面是以左下角坐标逆时针写的，其他面都是顺时针的，这样导致画每个面的三角形按照顶点的渲染方式不一样，为什么后面和下面这样去渲染呢？如果6个面按照同样的方式就会有显示错误。

代码

  • Vertex.h
struct Vertex
{
	Vertex() {}
	Vertex(float x, float y, float z, float nx, float ny, float nz, float u, float v)
	{
		_x = x; _y = y; _z = z;
		_nx = nx; _ny = ny; _nz = nz;
		_u = u; _v = v;
	}
	float _x, _y, _z;
	float _nx, _ny, _nz;
	float _u, _v;
};

#define FVF_VERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZ | D3DFVF_NORMAL | D3DFVF_TEX1)
  • Cube.h
#include <d3dx9.h>

class Cube
{
public:
	Cube(IDirect3DDevice9* device);
	~Cube();

	bool draw(D3DXMATRIX* world, D3DMATERIAL9* mtrl, IDirect3DTexture9* tex);
private:
	IDirect3DDevice9* _device;
	IDirect3DVertexBuffer9* _vb;
	IDirect3DIndexBuffer9* _ib;
};
  • Cube.cpp
#include "Cube.h"
#include "d3dUtility.h"
#include "Vertex.h"

Cube::Cube(IDirect3DDevice9* device)
{
	_device = device;

	//创建顶点缓存
	device->CreateVertexBuffer(24 * sizeof(Vertex), D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY, FVF_VERTEX, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, &_vb, nullptr);
	Vertex* v;
	_vb->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&v, 0);

	//前面
	v[0] = Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
	v[1] = Vertex(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	v[2] = Vertex(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
	v[3] = Vertex(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

	//后面
	v[4] = Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
	v[5] = Vertex(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	v[6] = Vertex(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
	v[7] = Vertex(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

	//左面
	v[8] = Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
	v[9] = Vertex(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	v[10] = Vertex(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
	v[11] = Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

	//右面
	v[12] = Vertex(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
	v[13] = Vertex(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	v[14] = Vertex(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
	v[15] = Vertex(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

	//上面
	v[16] = Vertex(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
	v[17] = Vertex(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	v[18] = Vertex(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
	v[19] = Vertex(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

	//下面
	v[20] = Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
	v[21] = Vertex(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	v[22] = Vertex(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
	v[23] = Vertex(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

	_vb->Unlock();

	//创建索引缓存
	_device->CreateIndexBuffer(36 * sizeof(WORD), D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY, D3DFMT_INDEX16, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, &_ib, nullptr);
	WORD* i;
	_ib->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&i, 0);

	//前面
	i[0] = 0; i[1] = 1; i[2] = 2;
	i[3] = 0; i[4] = 2; i[5] = 3;

	//后面
	i[6] = 4; i[7] = 5; i[8] = 6;
	i[9] = 4; i[10] = 6; i[11] = 7;

	//左边
	i[12] = 8; i[13] = 9; i[14] = 10;
	i[15] = 8; i[16] = 10; i[17] = 11;

	//右边
	i[18] = 12; i[19] = 13; i[20] = 14;
	i[21] = 12; i[22] = 14; i[23] = 15;

	//上面
	i[24] = 16; i[25] = 17; i[26] = 18;
	i[27] = 16; i[28] = 18; i[29] = 19;

	//下面
	i[30] = 20; i[31] = 21; i[32] = 22;
	i[33] = 20; i[34] = 22; i[35] = 23;

	_ib->Unlock();
}

Cube::~Cube()
{
	d3d::Release<IDirect3DVertexBuffer9*>(_vb);
	d3d::Release<IDirect3DIndexBuffer9*>(_ib);
}

bool Cube::draw(D3DXMATRIX* world, D3DMATERIAL9* mtrl, IDirect3DTexture9* tex)
{
	//设置世界坐标
	if (world)
		_device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, world);
	//设置物体材质
	if (mtrl)
		_device->SetMaterial(mtrl);
	//设置纹理
	if (tex)
		_device->SetTexture(0, tex);

	_device->BeginScene();
	_device->SetStreamSource(0, _vb, 0, sizeof(Vertex));
	_device->SetFVF(FVF_VERTEX);
	_device->SetIndices(_ib);
	_device->DrawIndexedPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 0, 24, 0, 36);
	_device->EndScene();

	return true;
}
  • texCube.cpp
#include "d3dUtility.h"
#include "Cube.h"

#pragma comment(lib, "d3d9.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "d3dx9.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")

#define WINDOW_WIDTH	640
#define WINDOW_HEIGHT	480
#define KEY_DOWN(vk_code) (GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000 ? 1 : 0)

IDirect3DDevice9* device = nullptr;
Cube* box = nullptr;
D3DMATERIAL9 mtrl;
IDirect3DTexture9* tex = nullptr;

bool Setup()
{
	box = new Cube(device);

	//材质
	mtrl = d3d::WHITE_MTRL;

	//灯光
	D3DLIGHT9 light;
	ZeroMemory(&light, sizeof(light));
	light.Type = D3DLIGHT_DIRECTIONAL;
	light.Ambient = D3DXCOLOR(0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f, 1.0f);
	light.Diffuse = D3DXCOLOR(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
	light.Specular = D3DXCOLOR(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f);
	light.Direction = D3DXVECTOR3(1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
	device->SetLight(0, &light);
	device->LightEnable(0, true);

	//设置渲染灯光可用
	//device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, true);
	//设置法线从新规范化
	device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_NORMALIZENORMALS, true);
	//设置镜面高光可用
	device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_SPECULARENABLE, true);

	//纹理
	D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(device, TEXT("crate.jpg"), &tex);
	//设置过滤器
	device->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MAGFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
	device->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MINFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
	device->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MIPFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);

	//投影窗口
	D3DXMATRIX proj;
	D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&proj, D3DX_PI * 0.5f, (float)WINDOW_WIDTH / (float)WINDOW_HEIGHT, 1.0f, 1000.0f);
	device->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &proj);

	return true;
}

bool Display(float timeDetla)
{
	if (device)
	{
		static float angle = (3.0f * D3DX_PI) / 2.0f;
		static float height = 2.0f;

		if (KEY_DOWN(VK_LEFT))
			angle += 0.5f * timeDetla;
		if (KEY_DOWN(VK_RIGHT))
			angle -= 0.5f * timeDetla;
		if (KEY_DOWN(VK_UP))
			height += 5.0f * timeDetla;
		if (KEY_DOWN(VK_DOWN))
			height -= 5.0f * timeDetla;

		D3DXVECTOR3 position(cosf(angle) * 3.0f, height, sinf(angle) * 3.0f);
		D3DXVECTOR3 target(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
		D3DXVECTOR3 up(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
		D3DXMATRIX V;
		D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&V, &position, &target, &up);
		device->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &V);

		device->Clear(0, nullptr, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, 0xffffffff, 1.0f, 0);

		box->draw(nullptr, &mtrl, tex);

		device->Present(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
	}
	return true;
}

bool Cleanup()
{
	d3d::Delete<Cube*>(box);
	d3d::Release<IDirect3DTexture9*>(tex);

	return true;
}

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
	if (!d3d::InitD3D(hInstance, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, true, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, &device))
	{
		MessageBox(nullptr, TEXT("InitD3D() - FAILED"), TEXT("ERROR"), MB_ICONERROR);
		return 0;
	}

	if (!Setup())
	{
		MessageBox(nullptr, TEXT("Setup() - FAILED"), TEXT("ERROR"), MB_ICONERROR);
		return 0;
	}

	d3d::EnterMsgLoop(Display);

	Cleanup();

	device->Release();

	return 1;
}
  • d3dUtility.h
#include <d3d9.h>
#include <d3dx9math.h>

namespace d3d
{
	bool InitD3D(HINSTANCE hInstance, int width, int height, bool windowed, D3DDEVTYPE deviceType, IDirect3DDevice9** device);
	int EnterMsgLoop(bool (*ptr_display)(float timeDelta));
	LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);

	template<class T> void Release(T t)
	{
		if (t)
		{
			t->Release();
			t = nullptr;
		}
	}

	template<class T> void Delete(T t)
	{
		if (t)
		{
			delete t;
			t = nullptr;
		}
	}

	const D3DXCOLOR WHITE(D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255));
	const D3DXCOLOR BLACK(D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0));
	const D3DXCOLOR RED(D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 0));
	const D3DXCOLOR GREEN(D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 0));
	const D3DXCOLOR BLUE(D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 255));
	const D3DXCOLOR YELLOW(D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 0));
	const D3DXCOLOR CYAN(D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 255));
	const D3DXCOLOR MAGENTA(D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 255));

	//材质
	D3DMATERIAL9 InitMtrl(D3DXCOLOR a, D3DXCOLOR d, D3DXCOLOR s, D3DXCOLOR e, float p);
	const D3DMATERIAL9 WHITE_MTRL = InitMtrl(WHITE, WHITE, WHITE, BLACK, 8.0f);
	const D3DMATERIAL9 RED_MTRL = InitMtrl(RED, RED, RED, BLACK, 8.0f);
	const D3DMATERIAL9 GREEN_MTRL = InitMtrl(GREEN, GREEN, GREEN, BLACK, 8.0f);
	const D3DMATERIAL9 BLUE_MTRL = InitMtrl(BLUE, BLUE, BLUE, BLACK, 8.0f);
	const D3DMATERIAL9 YELLOW_MTRL = InitMtrl(YELLOW, YELLOW, YELLOW, BLACK, 8.0f);

	//光源
	D3DLIGHT9 InitDirectionalLight(D3DXVECTOR3* direction, D3DXCOLOR* color);
	//D3DLIGHT9 InitPointLight(D3DXVECTOR3* position, D3DXCOLOR* color);
	//D3DLIGHT9 InitSpotLight(D3DXVECTOR3* position, D3DXVECTOR3* direction, D3DXCOLOR* color);
}
  • d3dUtility.cpp
#include "d3dUtility.h"

bool d3d::InitD3D(HINSTANCE hInstance, int width, int height, bool windowed, D3DDEVTYPE deviceType, IDirect3DDevice9** device)
{
	//注册wndclass
	WNDCLASS wndclass;
	wndclass.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_HREDRAW;
	wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
	wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
	wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
	wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
	wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(nullptr, IDI_APPLICATION);
	wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
	wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
	wndclass.lpszMenuName = nullptr;
	wndclass.lpszClassName = TEXT("d3d");
	
	if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass))
	{
		MessageBox(nullptr, TEXT("RegisterClass() - FAILED"), TEXT("ERROR"), MB_ICONERROR);
		return false;
	}

	//创建窗口
	HWND hwnd = CreateWindow(TEXT("d3d"), TEXT("d3d window"),
		WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, width, height,
		nullptr, nullptr, hInstance, nullptr);

	//设备列举和创建IDirect3DDevice9对象
	IDirect3D9* d3d9 = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);

	//检测硬件顶点处理
	D3DCAPS9 caps;
	d3d9->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, deviceType, &caps);
	int vp = 0;
	if (caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT)
		vp = D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;	//支持硬件顶点处理
	else
		vp = D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;	//不支持

	D3DDISPLAYMODE d3ddm;
	if (FAILED(d3d9->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &d3ddm)))
		return false;

	//填充D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS结构
	D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
	d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = width;
	d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = height;
	//d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_A8B8G8R8;//像素格式
	d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = d3ddm.Format;
	d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;
	d3dpp.MultiSampleType = D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE;
	d3dpp.MultiSampleQuality = 0;
	d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
	d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hwnd;
	d3dpp.Windowed = windowed;//full screen
	d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;
	d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D24S8;//depth format
	d3dpp.Flags = 0;
	d3dpp.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT;
	d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE;

	//创建IDirect3DDevice9对象
	HRESULT hr = d3d9->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, deviceType, hwnd, vp, &d3dpp, device);
	if (FAILED(hr))
	{
		MessageBox(nullptr, TEXT("CraeteDevice() - FAILED"), TEXT("ERROR"), MB_ICONERROR);
		return false;
	}

	d3d9->Release();

	return true;
}

int d3d::EnterMsgLoop(bool(*ptr_display)(float timeDelta))
{
	MSG msg;
	memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
	static float lastTime = (float)timeGetTime();

	while (true)
	{
		if (PeekMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
		{
			if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
				break;
			TranslateMessage(&msg);
			DispatchMessage(&msg);
		}
		else
		{
			float currTime = (float)timeGetTime();
			float timeDelta = (currTime - lastTime)*0.001f;
			ptr_display(timeDelta);
			lastTime = currTime;
		}
	}
	return msg.wParam;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK d3d::WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	switch (msg)
	{
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		break;
	case WM_KEYDOWN:
		if (wParam == VK_ESCAPE)
			DestroyWindow(hwnd);
		break;
	}
	return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}

D3DMATERIAL9 d3d::InitMtrl(D3DXCOLOR a, D3DXCOLOR d, D3DXCOLOR s, D3DXCOLOR e, float p)
{
	D3DMATERIAL9 mtrl;

	mtrl.Ambient = a;	//环境光
	mtrl.Diffuse = d;	//漫反射
	mtrl.Specular = s;	//镜面反射
	mtrl.Emissive = e;	//表面添加颜色
	mtrl.Power = p;		//镜面高光

	return mtrl;
}

D3DLIGHT9 d3d::InitDirectionalLight(D3DXVECTOR3* direction, D3DXCOLOR* color)
{
	D3DLIGHT9 light;
	ZeroMemory(&light, sizeof(light));
	light.Type = D3DLIGHT_DIRECTIONAL;
	light.Diffuse = *color;
	light.Ambient = *color * 0.3f;
	light.Specular = *color * 0.6f;
	light.Direction = *direction;

	return light;
}

效果

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