Android学习杂记（一） 生命周期

一、Android Activity 的生命周期

1. 见官方示意图片如下：

   

2. 注意三条线

• onCreat() -> onStart() -> onResume() -> Activity Running -> onPause() -> onStop() -> onDestroy()
• onPause() -> new Activity is running foreground -> onResume()
• onStop() -> new Activity is running foreground -> onRestart() -> onStart() -> onResume()

B和C的区别在于，新的Activity是否会覆盖创建它的Activity。

3. 当系统的内存极低的时候，处于onPause()状态的的Activity会被回收内存；但是处于onStop()状态的Activity随时都可能被回收。

二、 代码示例

例子很简单，调用onXXX函数的时候，跳一个Toast出来，再打个Log~

1. MainActivity.java

package com.example.testandroidlifetime;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	private EditText nameEditText;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

		nameEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_name);

		Toast.makeText(this, "onCreate() called", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		Log.v("Halfish", "onCreate() called");

	}

	@Override
	protected void onStart() {
		super.onStart();

		Toast.makeText(this, "onStart() called", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		Log.v("Halfish", "onStart() called");
	}

	@Override
	protected void onRestoreInstanceState(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState);

		Toast.makeText(this, "onRestoreInstanceState() called",
				Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		Log.v("Halfish", "onRestoreInstanceState() called");

		String name = savedInstanceState.getString("name");
		nameEditText.setText(name);
	}

	@Override
	protected void onRestart() {
		super.onRestart();

		Toast.makeText(this, "onRestart() called", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		Log.v("Halfish", "onRestart() called");
	}

	@Override
	protected void onResume() {
		super.onResume();

		Toast.makeText(this, "onResume() called", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		Log.v("Halfish", "onResume() called");
	}

	@Override
	protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
		super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);

		Toast.makeText(this, "onSaveInstanceState() called", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
				.show();
		Log.v("Halfish", "onSaveInstanceState() called");

		outState.putString("name", nameEditText.getText().toString());
	}

	@Override
	protected void onPause() {
		super.onPause();

		Toast.makeText(this, "onPause() called", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		Log.v("Halfish", "onPause() called");
	}

	@Override
	protected void onStop() {
		super.onStop();

		Toast.makeText(this, "onStop() called", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		Log.v("Halfish", "onStop() called");
	}

	@Override
	protected void onDestroy() {
		super.onDestroy();

		Toast.makeText(this, "onDestroy() called", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		Log.v("Halfish", "onDestroy() called");
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
		// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
		// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
		// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
		int id = item.getItemId();
		if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
			return true;
		}
		return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
	}
}

2. activity.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_gravity="center"
    tools:context="com.example.testandroidlifetime.MainActivity" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/lly_name"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="60dp"
        android:gravity="center" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_name"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="30dp"
            android:text="name" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/et_name"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:ems="10"
            android:hint="@string/app_name" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/linearLayout1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="60dp"
        android:layout_below="@id/lly_name"
        android:gravity="center" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_password"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="30dp"
            android:text="pass" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/et_password"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:ems="10"
            android:inputType="textPassword" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_below="@+id/linearLayout1"
        android:layout_marginLeft="41dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="72dp"
        android:text="Button" />

</RelativeLayout>