Python保存和读取csv文件

一、保存csv文件

1.1np.savetxt()函数讲解

np.savetxt(frame, array, fmt='%.18e', delimiter=None)
* frame : 文件、字符串或产生器，可以是.gz或.bz2的压缩文件
* array : 存入文件的数组
* fmt : 写入文件的格式，例如：%d %.2f %.18e
* delimiter : 分割字符串，默认是任何空格

1.2案例实操

import numpy as np
scores=np.random.randint(0,100,size=(20,2))
#执行命令之前，这个保存到文件要关闭
np.savetxt("scores2.csv",scores,delimiter=",",header='英语，数学',comments="")
#           保存文件的名字  保存的数组名 分割符      表的头部，与分隔符一致  注释默认是#

np.savetxt("scores3.csv",scores,delimiter=",",header='英语，数学',comments="",fmt='%d')
#保存数据的格式默认是科学计数法，这里我们改成整型

1.3函数介绍help(np.savetxt)

Help on function savetxt in module numpy.lib.npyio:

savetxt(fname, X, fmt='%.18e', delimiter=' ', newline='\n', header='', footer='', comments='# ', encoding=None)
    Save an array to a text file.
    
    Parameters
    ----------
    fname : filename or file handle
        If the filename ends in ``.gz``, the file is automatically saved in
        compressed gzip format.  `loadtxt` understands gzipped files
        transparently.
    X : 1D or 2D array_like
        Data to be saved to a text file.
    fmt : str or sequence of strs, optional
        A single format (%10.5f), a sequence of formats, or a
        multi-format string, e.g. 'Iteration %d -- %10.5f', in which
        case `delimiter` is ignored. For complex `X`, the legal options
        for `fmt` are:
    
        * a single specifier, `fmt='%.4e'`, resulting in numbers formatted
          like `' (%s+%sj)' % (fmt, fmt)`
        * a full string specifying every real and imaginary part, e.g.
          `' %.4e %+.4ej %.4e %+.4ej %.4e %+.4ej'` for 3 columns
        * a list of specifiers, one per column - in this case, the real
          and imaginary part must have separate specifiers,
          e.g. `['%.3e + %.3ej', '(%.15e%+.15ej)']` for 2 columns
    delimiter : str, optional
        String or character separating columns.