【Spring】基于注解实现事务控制(银行转账)

结构

在这里插入图片描述

domain类
package com.itheima.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 账户的实体类
 */
public class Account implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Float money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Float getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Float money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}
业务层接口
package com.itheima.service;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的业务层接口
 */
public interface IAccountService {
    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();

    /**
     * 查询一个
     * @return
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer accountId);

    /**
     * 保存
     * @param account
     */
    void saveAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 更新
     * @param account
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 删除
     * @param accountId
     */
    void deleteAccount(Integer accountId);

    /**
     * 转账
     * @param sourceName 转出账户名称
     * @param targetName 转入账户名称
     * @param money      转账金额
     */
    void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money);
}
业务层实现
package com.itheima.service.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;


import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的业务成层实现类
 * 事务控制应该都是在业务层
 */
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {

    @Autowired
    private IAccountDao accountDao;


   /* private TransactionManager txManager;
    public void setTxManager(TransactionManager txManager) {
        this.txManager = txManager;
    }*/

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        return accountDao.findAllAccount();
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        return accountDao.findAccountById(accountId);
    }

    @Override
    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
      accountDao.findAllAccount();

    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
       accountDao.findAllAccount();
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteAccount(Integer accountId) {
         accountDao.findAllAccount();
    }

    @Override
    public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money){
            //1.根据名称查询转出账户
            Account source=accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName); //获取一个数据库连接
            //2.根据名称查询转入账户
            Account target=accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName); //获取一个数据库连接
            //3.转出账户减钱
            source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money);
            //4.转入账户加钱
            target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money);
            //5.更新转出账户
            accountDao.updateAccount(source); //获取一个数据库连接
            int i=1/0;
            //6.更新转入账户
            accountDao.updateAccount(target); //获取一个数据库连接

    }
}
持久层接口
package com.itheima.dao;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的持久层接口
 */
public interface IAccountDao {
    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();

    /**
     * 查询一个
     * @return
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer accountId);

    /**
     * 保存
     * @param account
     */
    void saveAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 更新
     * @param account
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 删除
     * @param accountId
     */
    void deleteAccount(Integer accountId);

    /**
     * 根据名称查询账户
     * @param accountName
     * @return 如果有唯一的结果就返回,如果没有唯一的结果就返回null
     *         如果结果集超过一个,就抛异常
     */
    Account findAccountByName(String accountName);
}

持久层实现
package com.itheima.dao.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.utils.ConnectionUtils;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的持久层实现类
 */
@Repository("accountDao")
public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {

    @Autowired
    private QueryRunner runner;

    @Autowired
    private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        try {
            return runner.query(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"select * from account",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        try {
            return runner.query(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"select * from account where id = ?",new BeanHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        try {
             runner.update(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"insert into account(name,money)values(?,?)",account.getName(),account.getMoney());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        try {
            runner.update(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteAccount(Integer accountId) {
        try {
             runner.update(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"delete from account where id=?",accountId);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
        try {
            List<Account> accounts=runner.query(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"select * from account where name = ?",new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
            if(accounts==null || accounts.size()==0){
                return null;
            }
            if(accounts.size()>1){
                throw new RuntimeException("结果不唯一,数据有问题");
            }
            return accounts.get(0);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }
    }
}
线程和数据源绑定工具类
package com.itheima.utils;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * 连接的工具类,它用于从数据源中获取一个连接,并且实现和线程的绑定
 */
@Component("connectionUtils")
public class ConnectionUtils {
    private ThreadLocal<Connection> tl=new ThreadLocal<Connection>();


    @Autowired
    private DataSource dataSource;

    public ConnectionUtils(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }
    public Connection getThreadConnection(){
        //1.先从ThreadLocal上获取
        Connection conn= tl.get();
        //2.判断当前线程上是否有连接
        if(conn==null){
            //3.从数据源中获取一个连接,并且存入ThreadLocal中
            try {
                conn=dataSource.getConnection();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            tl.set(conn);
        }
        //4.返回当前线程上的连接
        return conn;
    }

    /**
     * 把连接和线程解绑
     */
    public void removeConnection(){
        tl.remove();
    }
}
事务控制工具类
package com.itheima.utils;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * 和事务相关的工具类,它包含了,开启事务,提交事务,回滚事务和释放连接
 */
@Component("txManager")
@Aspect
public class TransactionManager {
    @Autowired
    private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;

    @Pointcut("execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))")
    private void pt1(){}

    /**
     * 开启事务
     */
    @Before("pt1()")
    public void beginTransaction(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().setAutoCommit(false);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    /**
     * 提交事务
     */
    @AfterReturning("pt1()")
    public void CommitTransaction(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().commit();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 回滚事务
     */
    @AfterThrowing("pt1()")
    public void rollbackTransaction(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().rollback();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 释放连接
     */
    @After("pt1()")
    public void releaseTransaction(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().close();  //还回连接池中
            connectionUtils.removeConnection();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


    <!--配置Spring创建容器时要扫描的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"></context:component-scan>

    <!--配置QueryBean-->
    <bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner">
        <!--&lt;!&ndash;配置数据源&ndash;&gt;
        <constructor-arg name="ds" ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>-->
    </bean>

    <!--配置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!--连接数据库的四大必备信息-->
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--开启spring对注解AOP的支持-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
</beans>
测试
package com.itheima.test;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.service.IAccountService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 使用Junited单元测试,测试我们的配置
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:bean.xml")
public class AccountServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private IAccountService as;
    @Test
    public void testTransfer(){
        as.transfer("aaa","bbb",100f);
    }

}

出现问题

在这里插入图片描述

  1. 在测试类AccountServiceTest执行testTransger()方法时
  2. 会调用业务层实现类AccountServiceImpl的transfer()方法
  3. 在执行业务层实现类方法时会调用持久层实现类的方法
  4. 每个持久层实现类的方法都会获取当前连接connectionUtils.getThreadConnection()
  5. 就会调用工具类ConnectionUtils的方法
  6. 执行工具类ConnectionUtils方法时就会判断当前线程上是否有连接
  7. 而基于注解配置的AOP的通知顺序是有问题的 1–开启事务 2–释放连接 3–提交事务/回滚事务
  8. 在后置通知中释放连接里,会执行removeConnection方法,此时线程就解绑
  9. 而紧接着提交事务/回滚事务又重新从线程池中获取了一个线程
  10. 但此时前一个线程已经结束了,所以就会出现控制不了事务

解决办法:使用环绕通知

/**
 * @program: day03_eesy_01account
 * @description:
 * @author: 14_赵芬
 * @create: 2020-11-13 20:55
 **/
package com.itheima.utils;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * 和事务相关的工具类,它包含了,开启事务,提交事务,回滚事务和释放连接
 */
@Component("txManager")
@Aspect
public class TransactionManager {
    @Autowired
    private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;

    @Pointcut("execution(* com.itheima.service.impl.*.*(..))")
    private void pt1(){}

    /**
     * 开启事务
     */
    public void beginTransaction(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().setAutoCommit(false);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    /**
     * 提交事务
     */
    public void CommitTransaction(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().commit();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 回滚事务
     */
    public void rollbackTransaction(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().rollback();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 释放连接
     */
    public void releaseTransaction(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().close();  //还回连接池中
            connectionUtils.removeConnection();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 环绕通知
     * @param pjp
     * @return
     */
    @Around("pt1()")
    public Object aroundAdvice(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){
        Object rtValue=null;
        try{
            //1.获取参数
            Object[] args=pjp.getArgs();
            //2.开始事务
            this.beginTransaction();
            //3.执行方法
            rtValue=pjp.proceed(args);
            //4.提交事务
            this.CommitTransaction();
            // 返回结果

        }catch (Throwable e){
            //5.回滚事务
            this.rollbackTransaction();
        }finally {
            //6.释放资源
            this.releaseTransaction();
        }
        return rtValue;
    }
}

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