数组与字符串小总结

C++中字符串为const char *类型

sizeof对变量名取值结果为内容大小，对字符串取值为字符串大小包括‘\0’

strlen函数声明为size_t strlen(char const* str),对变量名取值或者对字符串直接取值结果均为字符串长度但是不包括'\0'。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
	 //char* strs = "welcome";//"welcome"的类型为const char *
	 const char* strs = "welcome";
	 cout << typeid(strs).name() << endl;//char const *
	cout << sizeof(strs) << endl;//4
	cout << strlen(strs) <<endl;//7
	cout << strlen("welcome") << endl;//7
	cout << sizeof("welcome") << endl;//8
	 const char* str[] = { "welcome","to","CascoSigLtd","Shanghai" ,"jjjj"};
	 cout << size(str) << endl;//元素数量5
	cout << sizeof(str) << endl;//20
	cout << sizeof(str) / size(str) << endl;//4
	cout << typeid(str).name() << endl;//char const * [4]
	//cout << strlen(str) << endl;//str为char**，而size_t strlen (char const* str)
	const char** p = str + 1;
	cout << typeid(p).name() << endl;//char const **
	str[0] = (*++p) + 2;//(++*p)、(*p++)，注：p为指向指针的指针
	cout << typeid(str[0]).name() << endl;//char const *
	str[1] = *(p + 1);
	str[2] = p[1] + 5;
	str[3] = p[0] + (str[2] - str[1]) + 2;
	printf("第一个：%s\n", str[0]);//空
	printf("第二个：%s\n", str[1]);//Shanghai
	printf("第三个：%s\n", str[2]);//hai
	printf("第四个：%s\n", str[3]);//第一个：%s
	return 0;
}

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//int gbits(int n) {
//	n = n - 1;
//	n |= n >> 1;
//	n |= n >> 2;
//	n |= n >> 4;
//	n |= n >> 8;
//	n |= n >> 16;
//	n = n + 1;
//	return n;
//}
int f(int p) {
	static int x;
	x = x + p;
	return x;
}
int f(int &p) {
	static int x;
	x = x + p;
	return x;
}
int main() {
	/*int**pp, * p, a = 10, b = 20;
	pp = &p;
	p = &a;
	p = &b;
	printf("%d,%d\n", *p, **pp);*/
	/*char w = 'a';
	int x = 2;
	float y = 3;
	double z = 2.5;
	auto ans = w * x + z - y;
	cout << w << endl;
	cout << (int)w << endl;
	cout << x << endl;
	cout << y << endl;
	cout << z << endl;
	cout << ans << endl;
	cout << typeid(ans).name() << endl;*/
	/*int a[] = { 1,2,3 }, b[] = { 4,2,5 };
	int* p, * q;
	int  i, x;
	p = a;
	q = b;
	cout << *(p + 2) << " " << *(q + 2)<<" " << *p + 5 << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
		if (*(p + i) == *(q + i))x = *(p + i) * 2;
	}
	cout << x << endl;*/
	int n = 4;
	/*int first = n >> 1;
	int second = n >> 2;
	int third = n << 1;
	int four = n | n + 1;
	
	cout <<"n:" << n << endl;
	cout <<"first:"<< first << endl;
	cout << "second:" << second << endl;
	cout <<"third:" << third << endl;
	cout << "four:" << four << endl;
	cout << gbits(n) << endl;*/
	cout << "f():" << f(1) << endl;
	cout<< f(1) << endl;
	//cout << "f(&):" << f(2) << endl;
	return 0;
}

*(p+i)=a[i]

*p+i=a[i]+i;

注：第一次以此形式记录，比较随心，还望海涵，后面再接再厉，勿喷，谢谢。