MPLS 实验一

已于 2023-04-20 14:01:54 修改
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分类专栏： Cisco 文章标签： 网络 运维 网络协议
于 2023-04-20 10:40:06 首次发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhiqianghan/article/details/130224376
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拓扑

在这里插入图片描述

配置

  • R1、R2、R3、R4之间运行OSPF
  • R1与R5运行EBGP
  • R4与R6运行EBGP
  • R1与R4通过g0/0口运行IBGP
R1#sh run int g0/0
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 131 bytes
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex full
 speed 1000
 media-type gbic
 negotiation auto
end

R1#sh run | s r o
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 12.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 15.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
R1#sh run | s r b
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 1.1.1.1
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 15.1.1.5 remote-as 500
 neighbor 34.1.1.4 remote-as 1234

R2#sh run int g0/0
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 131 bytes
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex full
 speed 1000
 media-type gbic
 negotiation auto
end

R2#sh run | s r o
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 12.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 23.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
R2#sh run | s r b
R2#

R3#sh run int g0/0
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 131 bytes
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
 duplex full
 speed 1000
 media-type gbic
 negotiation auto
end

R3#sh run | s r o
router ospf 1
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 23.1.1.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 34.1.1.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
R3#sh run | s r b
R3#

R4#sh run int g0/0
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 131 bytes
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 34.1.1.4 255.255.255.0
 duplex full
 speed 1000
 media-type gbic
 negotiation auto
end

R4#sh run | s r o
router ospf 1
 router-id 4.4.4.4
 network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 34.1.1.4 0.0.0.0 area 0
 network 46.1.1.4 0.0.0.0 area 0
R4#sh run | s r b
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 4.4.4.4
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 neighbor 12.1.1.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 46.1.1.6 remote-as 600

R5#sh run int g0/0
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 131 bytes
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 15.1.1.5 255.255.255.0
 duplex full
 speed 1000
 media-type gbic
 negotiation auto
end

R5#sh run | s r o
R5#sh run | s r b
router bgp 500
 bgp router-id 5.5.5.5
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 network 5.5.5.5 mask 255.255.255.255
 neighbor 15.1.1.1 remote-as 1234

R6#sh run int g0/0
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 131 bytes
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 46.1.1.6 255.255.255.0
 duplex full
 speed 1000
 media-type gbic
 negotiation auto
end

R6#sh run | s r o
R6#sh run | s r b
router bgp 600
 bgp router-id 6.6.6.6
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 network 6.6.6.6 mask 255.255.255.255
 neighbor 46.1.1.4 remote-as 1234

查看BGP邻居和路由条目

R1#sh bgp summary
BGP router identifier 1.1.1.1, local AS number 1234
BGP table version is 7, main routing table version 7
2 network entries using 296 bytes of memory
2 path entries using 128 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 272 bytes of memory
2 BGP AS-PATH entries using 48 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 744 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 4/2 prefixes, 4/2 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor        V           AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd
15.1.1.5        4          500     686     697        7    0    0 10:30:14        1
34.1.1.4        4         1234     663     667        7    0    0 10:02:09        1
R1#sh ip bgp                   
BGP table version is 7, local router ID is 1.1.1.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *>  5.5.5.5/32       15.1.1.5                 0             0 500 i
 *>i 6.6.6.6/32       46.1.1.6                 0    100      0 600 i
R1#sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0
      2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        2.2.2.2 [110/2] via 12.1.1.2, 10:43:02, GigabitEthernet0/0
      3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        3.3.3.3 [110/3] via 12.1.1.2, 10:40:40, GigabitEthernet0/0
      4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        4.4.4.4 [110/4] via 12.1.1.2, 10:39:30, GigabitEthernet0/0
      5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B        5.5.5.5 [20/0] via 15.1.1.5, 10:30:24
      6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B        6.6.6.6 [200/0] via 46.1.1.6, 09:59:34
      12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        12.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
      15.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        15.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
L        15.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
      23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        23.1.1.0 [110/2] via 12.1.1.2, 10:42:52, GigabitEthernet0/0
      34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        34.1.1.0 [110/3] via 12.1.1.2, 10:40:40, GigabitEthernet0/0
      46.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        46.1.1.0 [110/4] via 12.1.1.2, 09:59:39, GigabitEthernet0/0

R2#sh bgp summary
% BGP not active

R2#sh ip bgp
% BGP not active

R2#sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 12.1.1.1, 10:33:07, GigabitEthernet0/0
      2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
      3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        3.3.3.3 [110/2] via 23.1.1.3, 10:30:47, GigabitEthernet1/0
      4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        4.4.4.4 [110/3] via 23.1.1.3, 10:29:18, GigabitEthernet1/0
      12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        12.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
      15.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        15.1.1.0 [110/2] via 12.1.1.1, 09:49:57, GigabitEthernet0/0
      23.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        23.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
L        23.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
      34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        34.1.1.0 [110/2] via 23.1.1.3, 10:30:47, GigabitEthernet1/0
      46.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        46.1.1.0 [110/3] via 23.1.1.3, 09:50:18, GigabitEthernet1/0

R3#sh bgp summary
% BGP not active

R3#sh ip bgp
% BGP not active

R3#sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        1.1.1.1 [110/3] via 23.1.1.2, 10:30:36, GigabitEthernet0/0
      2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        2.2.2.2 [110/2] via 23.1.1.2, 10:30:36, GigabitEthernet0/0
      3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0
      4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        4.4.4.4 [110/2] via 34.1.1.4, 10:29:17, GigabitEthernet1/0
      12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        12.1.1.0 [110/2] via 23.1.1.2, 10:30:36, GigabitEthernet0/0
      15.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        15.1.1.0 [110/3] via 23.1.1.2, 09:49:48, GigabitEthernet0/0
      23.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        23.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        23.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
      34.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        34.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
L        34.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
      46.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        46.1.1.0 [110/2] via 34.1.1.4, 09:50:10, GigabitEthernet1/0

R4#sh bgp summary
BGP router identifier 4.4.4.4, local AS number 1234
BGP table version is 9, main routing table version 9
2 network entries using 296 bytes of memory
2 path entries using 128 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 272 bytes of memory
2 BGP AS-PATH entries using 48 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 744 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 5/3 prefixes, 5/3 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor        V           AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd
12.1.1.1        4         1234     667     663        9    0    0 10:00:07        1
46.1.1.6        4          600     687     696        9    0    0 10:26:26        1
R4#sh bgp summary
BGP router identifier 4.4.4.4, local AS number 1234
BGP table version is 9, main routing table version 9
2 network entries using 296 bytes of memory
2 path entries using 128 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 272 bytes of memory
2 BGP AS-PATH entries using 48 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 744 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 5/3 prefixes, 5/3 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor        V           AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd
12.1.1.1        4         1234     667     663        9    0    0 10:00:10        1
46.1.1.6        4          600     687     696        9    0    0 10:26:29        1
R4#sh ip bgp
BGP table version is 9, local router ID is 4.4.4.4
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *>i 5.5.5.5/32       15.1.1.5                 0    100      0 500 i
 *>  6.6.6.6/32       46.1.1.6                 0             0 600 i
R4#sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        1.1.1.1 [110/4] via 34.1.1.3, 10:37:13, GigabitEthernet0/0
      2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        2.2.2.2 [110/3] via 34.1.1.3, 10:37:13, GigabitEthernet0/0
      3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        3.3.3.3 [110/2] via 34.1.1.3, 10:37:13, GigabitEthernet0/0
      4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0
      5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B        5.5.5.5 [200/0] via 15.1.1.5, 09:57:06
      6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B        6.6.6.6 [20/0] via 46.1.1.6, 10:26:39
      12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        12.1.1.0 [110/3] via 34.1.1.3, 10:37:13, GigabitEthernet0/0
      15.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        15.1.1.0 [110/4] via 34.1.1.3, 09:57:11, GigabitEthernet0/0
      23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O        23.1.1.0 [110/2] via 34.1.1.3, 10:37:13, GigabitEthernet0/0
      34.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        34.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        34.1.1.4/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
      46.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        46.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
L        46.1.1.4/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0

R5#sh bgp summary
BGP router identifier 5.5.5.5, local AS number 500
BGP table version is 7, main routing table version 7
2 network entries using 296 bytes of memory
2 path entries using 128 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 272 bytes of memory
1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 720 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 4/2 prefixes, 4/2 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor        V           AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd
15.1.1.1        4         1234     697     686        7    0    0 10:19:59        1
R5#sh ip bgp
BGP table version is 7, local router ID is 5.5.5.5
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *>  5.5.5.5/32       0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
 *>  6.6.6.6/32       15.1.1.1                               0 1234 600 i
R5#sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Loopback0
      6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B        6.6.6.6 [20/0] via 15.1.1.1, 09:50:20
      15.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        15.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        15.1.1.5/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

R6#sh bgp summary
BGP router identifier 6.6.6.6, local AS number 600
BGP table version is 7, main routing table version 7
2 network entries using 296 bytes of memory
2 path entries using 128 bytes of memory
2/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 272 bytes of memory
1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 720 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 4/2 prefixes, 4/2 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor        V           AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd
46.1.1.4        4         1234     696     687        7    0    0 10:18:02        1
R6#sh ip bgp
BGP table version is 7, local router ID is 6.6.6.6
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *>  5.5.5.5/32       46.1.1.4                               0 1234 500 i
 *>  6.6.6.6/32       0.0.0.0                  0         32768 i
R6#sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

      5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B        5.5.5.5 [20/0] via 46.1.1.4, 09:49:33
      6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C        6.6.6.6 is directly connected, Loopback0
      46.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        46.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        46.1.1.6/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

测试

在R6上以6.6.6.6为源ping 不通5.5.5.5，由于R2、R3没运行BGP，导致存在路由黑洞。

R6#ping 5.5.5.5 source 6.6.6.6
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 6.6.6.6 
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
吐蕃-鸠摩智
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专栏目录
实验 | 思科 ASA BGP 配置
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