1N4007正向偏置电流-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhuoqingjoking97298/article/details/136436351

文章讲述了作者测量1N4007二极管在不同电压下的前向导通电流，发现电流在低电压时极小且迅速下降，高于150mV后电流呈现指数增长。研究了二极管伏安特性及其随温度变化的影响。

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硅二极管1N4007

01 1N4007二极管

一、前言

今天看到有同学询问一个有趣的问题。他在自己设计的电流表保护电路中采用了硅二极管 1N4007，对电流表两端电压进行钳位保护，但又担心这个保护二极管会给测量带来误差。希望我帮他测量一下二极管 1N4007在170mV的情况下，前向导通电流究竟有多大。

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二、测量结果

我们知道，由于制作工艺所产生的漏电流，使得二极管导通电流无法直接使用 PN 结电流方程进行计算。还好，我手边有很多不同规格的二极管，下面就是需要找到一颗1N4007 能够用于测量。功夫不负有心人，说曹操曹操就到了，这还真的找到了一个旧的1N4007 二极管。下面就利用它进行测量。

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使用 6位半的 DM3068测量电流，在mA档位，它等效的串联电阻大约为 100欧姆。使用 FLUKE45测量电压。在面包板上搭建测量电路。使用 DH1766提供 170mV的电压。可以看到此时二极管前向导通电流大约为 0.2微安。这是测量电路，由于电流非常微小，所以将电流表也放在测量电压表的范围内，这样可以避免电压表输入电流对于测量结果的影响。

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下面，通过编程，测量二极管端电压，从 0V 逐步变化到 500mV 过程中，前向导通电流的变化情况。我们知道，二极管的特性会受到温度的影响，现在我的实验室的温度为 28.5摄氏度。测量结果显示，当前向电压超过400mV之后， 1N4007前向电流会呈现指数上升。在 200mV 之前，前向导通电流基本上小于0.5微安。

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▲ 图1.2.1 电压从0V变化到500mV过程中，1N4007二极管前向电流变化

▲ 图1.2.1 电压从0V变化到500mV过程中，1N4007二极管前向电流变化

idim=[-0.0076,-0.0043,-0.0053,-0.0028,-0.0036,-0.0021,-0.0025,-0.0019,0.0016,0.0020,0.0034,0.0055,0.0069,0.0081,0.0108,0.0132,0.0179,0.0191,0.0228,0.0272,0.0316,0.0383,0.0457,0.0517,0.0585,0.0653,0.0765,0.0865,0.0988,0.1123,0.1260,0.1412,0.1654,0.1842,0.2070,0.2317,0.2603,0.2916,0.3264,0.3642,0.4062,0.4563,0.5050,0.5762,0.6412,0.7142,0.7918,0.8771,0.9748,1.0787,1.1961,1.3243,1.4581,1.6217,1.8364,2.0250,2.2451,2.4794,2.7298,3.0241,3.3453,3.7000,4.0882,4.5191,5.0015,5.6554,6.2668,6.9413,7.7205,8.5703,9.5263,10.5906,11.7854,13.1078,14.5566,16.2098,18.4264,20.4826,22.7923,25.3661,28.2030,31.3768,34.8766,38.7108,42.9315,47.6055,52.6732,59.3819,65.5619,72.2587,79.5405,87.3224,95.8393,104.9162,114.6382,124.8360,135.8186,147.5473,162.4390,175.6332]
vdim=[0.0000,0.0051,0.0101,0.0152,0.0202,0.0253,0.0303,0.0354,0.0404,0.0455,0.0505,0.0556,0.0606,0.0657,0.0707,0.0758,0.0808,0.0859,0.0909,0.0960,0.1010,0.1061,0.1111,0.1162,0.1212,0.1263,0.1313,0.1364,0.1414,0.1465,0.1515,0.1566,0.1616,0.1667,0.1717,0.1768,0.1818,0.1869,0.1919,0.1970,0.2020,0.2071,0.2121,0.2172,0.2222,0.2273,0.2323,0.2374,0.2424,0.2475,0.2525,0.2576,0.2626,0.2677,0.2727,0.2778,0.2828,0.2879,0.2929,0.2980,0.3030,0.3081,0.3131,0.3182,0.3232,0.3283,0.3333,0.3384,0.3434,0.3485,0.3535,0.3586,0.3636,0.3687,0.3737,0.3788,0.3838,0.3889,0.3939,0.3990,0.4040,0.4091,0.4141,0.4192,0.4242,0.4293,0.4343,0.4394,0.4444,0.4495,0.4545,0.4596,0.4646,0.4697,0.4747,0.4798,0.4848,0.4899,0.4949,0.5000]
vvdim=[-0.4380,4.2810,9.2230,14.1720,19.1770,24.1200,29.0960,34.0390,39.0080,43.9760,49.9200,54.8870,59.8610,64.8250,69.7330,74.7420,79.7050,84.6750,89.6260,94.5980,99.5390,105.5100,110.5000,115.4500,120.4200,125.3400,130.3200,135.2700,140.2600,145.2200,150.1900,155.1600,161.1000,166.0600,171.0200,176.0100,180.9300,185.9400,190.8900,195.8300,200.7900,205.8000,210.7500,216.7100,221.6700,226.6200,231.5900,236.5400,241.5300,246.4700,251.4500,256.3900,261.3100,266.2900,272.2400,277.2200,282.1900,287.1600,292.0500,297.0700,302.0300,306.9900,311.9400,316.9100,321.8500,327.8100,332.8100,337.7600,342.7200,347.6500,352.6400,357.5800,362.5700,367.4900,372.4600,377.4300,383.3600,388.2400,393.2200,398.2000,403.1300,408.1400,413.0800,418.0300,422.9800,427.9700,432.9200,438.8500,443.8200,448.7600,453.7500,458.6800,463.6600,468.6000,473.5700,478.5100,483.4500,488.4100,494.3300,499.2900]

#!/usr/local/bin/python
# -*- coding: gbk -*-
#============================================================
# TEST1.PY                     -- by Dr. ZhuoQing 2024-03-03
#
# Note:
#============================================================

from headm import *
from tsmodule.tsvisa        import *
from tsmodule.tsstm32       import *


vdim = linspace(0, 0.5, 100)
idim = []
vvdim = []

dm3068open()
for v in vdim:
    dh1766volt1(v)
    time.sleep(2)
    meter = meterval()

    vvdim.append(meter[0]*1e3)
    i = dm3068cdc()*1e6
    idim.append(i)

    printff(v, meter, i)
    tspsave('measure', idim=idim, vdim=vdim, vvdim=vvdim)

plt.plot(vvdim, idim, lw=3)

plt.xlabel("Voltage(mV)")
plt.ylabel("Current(uA)")
plt.grid(True)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()





#------------------------------------------------------------
#        END OF FILE : TEST1.PY
#============================================================