将点阵设计成QGraphicsItem子类的一个类

#ifndef QPOINTSARRAY_H
#define QPOINTSARRAY_H

#include <QGraphicsItem>
#include <QPainter>
#include <QPointF>
#include <QList>
#include <QColor>

class QPointsArray : public QGraphicsItem {
public:
    // 构造函数
    QPointsArray(int rows, int columns, qreal spacing, const QColor &color = Qt::black, qreal radius = 5.0)
        : m_rows(rows), m_columns(columns), m_spacing(spacing), m_color(color), m_radius(radius) {
        updatePoints();
    }

    // 设置行数
    void setRows(int rows) {
        if (rows != m_rows) {
            m_rows = rows;
            updatePoints();
            update(); // 触发重绘
        }
    }

    // 设置列数
    void setColumns(int columns) {
        if (columns != m_columns) {
            m_columns = columns;
            updatePoints();
            update(); // 触发重绘
        }
    }

    // 设置点间距
    void setSpacing(qreal spacing) {
        if (spacing != m_spacing) {
            m_spacing = spacing;
            updatePoints();
            update(); // 触发重绘
        }
    }

    // 设置点的颜色
    void setColor(const QColor &color) {
        m_color = color;
        update(); // 触发重绘
    }

    // 设置点的半径
    void setRadius(qreal radius) {
        m_radius = radius;
        update(); // 触发重绘
    }

    // QGraphicsItem 接口实现
    QRectF boundingRect() const override {
        if (m_points.isEmpty()) {
            return QRectF();
        }
        // 计算包含所有点的矩形
        qreal minX = m_points[0].x(), maxX = m_points[0].x();
        qreal minY = m_points[0].y(), maxY = m_points[0].y();

        for (const QPointF &point : m_points) {
            if (point.x() < minX) minX = point.x();
            if (point.x() > maxX) maxX = point.x();
            if (point.y() < minY) minY = point.y();
            if (point.y() > maxY) maxY = point.y();
        }

        // 扩展矩形以包含点的半径
        return QRectF(minX - m_radius, minY - m_radius, maxX - minX + 2 * m_radius, maxY - minY + 2 * m_radius);
    }

    void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget) override {
        Q_UNUSED(option);
        Q_UNUSED(widget);

        painter->setBrush(m_color);
        painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);

        for (const QPointF &point : m_points) {
            painter->drawEllipse(point, m_radius, m_radius);
        }
    }

private:
    // 更新点阵
    void updatePoints() {
        m_points.clear();
        for (int row = 0; row < m_rows; ++row) {
            for (int col = 0; col < m_columns; ++col) {
                m_points.append(QPointF(col * m_spacing, row * m_spacing));
            }
        }
    }

    int m_rows;         // 行数
    int m_columns;      // 列数
    qreal m_spacing;    // 点间距
    QColor m_color;     // 点的颜色
    qreal m_radius;     // 点的半径
    QList<QPointF> m_points; // 点阵
};


#endif // QPOINTSARRAY_H

应用：

#include <QApplication>
#include <QGraphicsScene>
#include <QGraphicsView>
#include <QColor>

#include "qpointsarray.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    QApplication app(argc, argv);

    QGraphicsScene scene;

    // 创建 QPointsArray 对象
    QPointsArray *pointsArray = new QPointsArray(15, 15, 10.0, Qt::blue, 3.0);

    // 将 QPointsArray 添加到场景
    scene.addItem(pointsArray);

    QGraphicsView view(&scene);
    view.resize(400, 300);
    view.show();

    return app.exec();
}