t检验是用t分布理论来推论差异发生的概率,从而比较两个平均数的差异是否显著。
单总体t检验统计量为:
![](https://gss0.bdstatic.com/-4o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D65/sign=ad6dac2553ee3d6d26c684ce421696b5/cf1b9d16fdfaaf510f8e3e3d865494eef11f7ac7.jpg)
问题:难产儿出生数n=35,体重均值
=3.42,S =0.40,一般婴儿出生体重μ0=3.30(大规模调查获得),问相同否?
![](https://gss0.bdstatic.com/94o3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D11/sign=7dbc1b7a7a899e517c8e3e1543a745af/0b46f21fbe096b63be6296d70d338744ebf8ac3a.jpg)
解:1.建立假设、确定检验水准α
H0:μ = μ0 (零假设null hypothesis)
H1:μ ≠ μ0(备择假设alternative hypothesis)
双侧检验,检验水准:α=0.05
2.计算检验统计量
![](https://gss3.bdstatic.com/7Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D68/sign=08ccff2f9616fdfadc6cc5e6b48f3b0e/43a7d933c895d1430268e02778f082025aaf0793.jpg)
![](https://gss3.bdstatic.com/-Po3dSag_xI4khGkpoWK1HF6hhy/baike/s%3D59/sign=2714b6a0afc27d1ea1263bcd1bd57815/63d0f703918fa0ecfbd160092d9759ee3d6ddba4.jpg)
3.查相应界值表,确定P值,下结论。
查附表1,t0.025 / 34 = 2.032,t < t0.025 / 34,P >0.05,按α=0.05水准,不拒绝H0,两者的差别无统计学意义