【caffe】Ubuntu 18.04 编译方式安装caffe-cpu + python3.6

https://atinesh.medium.com/caffe-installation-on-ubuntu-18-04-lts-python-3-6-e76375f0d353https://atinesh.medium.com/caffe-installation-on-ubuntu-18-04-lts-python-3-6-e76375f0d353

1. 下载源码比较慢，可以使用替代库：git clone https://gitee.com/mengjuanzhang/bvlcpy-caffe.git 

2. 结合上述链接，补充下面几项内容

（1）安装依赖

# OpenCV
$ sudo apt install python3-opencv
# Numpy
$ sudo apt-get install python3-numpy
# BLAS
$ sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev     # Atlas
or
$ sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev       # OpenBLAS
# Other dependencies
$ sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler
$ sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev
$ sudo pip3 install protobuf
$ sudo apt-get install the python3-dev
pip3 install scikit-image

（2）Makefile.config

## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html
# Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!

# cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).
# USE_CUDNN := 1

# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
# 1.--------------------------------------- 取消注释
CPU_ONLY := 1

# uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers
# USE_OPENCV := 0
# USE_LEVELDB := 0
# USE_LMDB := 0
# This code is taken from https://github.com/sh1r0/caffe-android-lib
# USE_HDF5 := 0

# uncomment to allow MDB_NOLOCK when reading LMDB files (only if necessary)
#	You should not set this flag if you will be reading LMDBs with any
#	possibility of simultaneous read and write
# ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK := 1

# Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3
# 2. --------------------------------------- 查询若opencv版本为3.x，则打开
OPENCV_VERSION := 3

# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
# CUSTOM_CXX := g++

# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
# 3. --------------------------------------- 添加注释
# CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda

# On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via
# "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:
# CUDA_DIR := /usr

# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 through *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA < 8.0, comment the *_60 and *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA >= 9.0, comment the *_20 and *_21 lines for compatibility.
CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \
		-gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \
		-gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
		-gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
		-gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
		-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 \
		-gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60 \
		-gencode arch=compute_61,code=sm_61 \
		-gencode arch=compute_61,code=compute_61

# BLAS choice:
# atlas for ATLAS (default)
# mkl for MKL
# open for OpenBlas
BLAS := atlas
# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
# (which should work)!
# BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas
# BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas

# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
# BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
# BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib

# This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.
# MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.
# MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local
# MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
3. --------------------------------------- 添加注释
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \
# 		/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
# ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
		# $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \
		# $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include

# Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2)
# 4. --------------------------------------- 编译python3.6的caffe
PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.6m
PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.6m \
                  /home/usr/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/numpy/core/include/numpy/

# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython
# PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib

# Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)
# PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include
# PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib

# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
# 5. --------------------------------------- 修改本机对应路径
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include/ /usr/include/hdf5/serial/
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial/

# If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies
# INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include
# LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib

# NCCL acceleration switch (uncomment to build with NCCL)
# https://github.com/NVIDIA/nccl (last tested version: v1.2.3-1+cuda8.0)
# USE_NCCL := 1

# Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.
# (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)
# USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1

# N.B. both build and distribute dirs are cleared on `make clean`
BUILD_DIR := build
# DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute

# Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171
# DEBUG := 1

# The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests.
TEST_GPUID := 0

# enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)
`Q ?= @

（3）make -j 选项表示并行编译。加速编译 

（4）编译时，如果没有在MakeFile.config注释掉python2.8, 则需要增加 make distribute -j48，才能在python3中调用caffe；如果注释掉了那么就可以直接使用

make clean 
make all -j48
make test -j48
make runtest -j48
make pycaffe -j48

（5）添加环境变量

vim ~/.bashrc
export PYTHONPATH=~/Downloads/caffe/python:$PYTHONPATH
source ~/.bashrc

        验证

 

3. 安装过程过遇到的问题详细说明================================================================

（1） opencv make all报错

 原因：Makefile.config opencv未打开

修改后make all 成功。

（2）make: Nothing to be done for 'all'.

这句提示是说明你已经编译好了，而且没有对代码进行任何改动。若想重新编译，可以先删除以前编译产生的目标文件

解决：make clean

（3）make pycaffe是报错：fatal error: numpy/arrayobject.h:no such file or directory

 解决办法：apt-get install python-numpy

4. google.protobuf.text_format.ParseError: 80:5 : Message type "caffe.PoolingParameter" has no field named "round_mode".

protoc版本问题，需要更新protoc版本到3.6.0

 下载源码：https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/tag/v3.6.0

protobuf-all-3.6.0.zip （包含googletest）

编译成功后查看protoc版本号，若失败：error while loading shared libraries: libprotoc.so.16: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

请尝试：sudo ldconfig之后再查询。