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Asteroids!
Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)Total Submission(s): 4320 Accepted Submission(s): 2788
Problem Description
You're in space.
You want to get home.
There are asteroids.
You don't want to hit them.
You want to get home.
There are asteroids.
You don't want to hit them.
Input
Input to this problem will consist of a (non-empty) series of up to 100 data sets. Each data set will be formatted according to the following description, and there will be no blank lines separating data sets.
A single data set has 5 components:
Start line - A single line, "START N", where 1 <= N <= 10.
Slice list - A series of N slices. Each slice is an N x N matrix representing a horizontal slice through the asteroid field. Each position in the matrix will be one of two values:
'O' - (the letter "oh") Empty space
'X' - (upper-case) Asteroid present
Starting Position - A single line, "A B C", denoting the <A,B,C> coordinates of your craft's starting position. The coordinate values will be integers separated by individual spaces.
Target Position - A single line, "D E F", denoting the <D,E,F> coordinates of your target's position. The coordinate values will be integers separated by individual spaces.
End line - A single line, "END"
The origin of the coordinate system is <0,0,0>. Therefore, each component of each coordinate vector will be an integer between 0 and N-1, inclusive.
The first coordinate in a set indicates the column. Left column = 0.
The second coordinate in a set indicates the row. Top row = 0.
The third coordinate in a set indicates the slice. First slice = 0.
Both the Starting Position and the Target Position will be in empty space.
A single data set has 5 components:
Start line - A single line, "START N", where 1 <= N <= 10.
Slice list - A series of N slices. Each slice is an N x N matrix representing a horizontal slice through the asteroid field. Each position in the matrix will be one of two values:
'O' - (the letter "oh") Empty space
'X' - (upper-case) Asteroid present
Starting Position - A single line, "A B C", denoting the <A,B,C> coordinates of your craft's starting position. The coordinate values will be integers separated by individual spaces.
Target Position - A single line, "D E F", denoting the <D,E,F> coordinates of your target's position. The coordinate values will be integers separated by individual spaces.
End line - A single line, "END"
The origin of the coordinate system is <0,0,0>. Therefore, each component of each coordinate vector will be an integer between 0 and N-1, inclusive.
The first coordinate in a set indicates the column. Left column = 0.
The second coordinate in a set indicates the row. Top row = 0.
The third coordinate in a set indicates the slice. First slice = 0.
Both the Starting Position and the Target Position will be in empty space.
Output
For each data set, there will be exactly one output set, and there will be no blank lines separating output sets.
A single output set consists of a single line. If a route exists, the line will be in the format "X Y", where X is the same as N from the corresponding input data set and Y is the least number of moves necessary to get your ship from the starting position to the target position. If there is no route from the starting position to the target position, the line will be "NO ROUTE" instead.
A move can only be in one of the six basic directions: up, down, left, right, forward, back. Phrased more precisely, a move will either increment or decrement a single component of your current position vector by 1.
A single output set consists of a single line. If a route exists, the line will be in the format "X Y", where X is the same as N from the corresponding input data set and Y is the least number of moves necessary to get your ship from the starting position to the target position. If there is no route from the starting position to the target position, the line will be "NO ROUTE" instead.
A move can only be in one of the six basic directions: up, down, left, right, forward, back. Phrased more precisely, a move will either increment or decrement a single component of your current position vector by 1.
Sample Input
START 1 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 END START 3 XXX XXX XXX OOO OOO OOO XXX XXX XXX 0 0 1 2 2 1 END START 5 OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO XXXXX XXXXX XXXXX XXXXX XXXXX OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO OOOOO 0 0 0 4 4 4 END
Sample Output
1 0 3 4 NO ROUTE
分析:X表示不能走,O表示能走,求从起点到终点,的最小距离。采用深度优先搜索,一定要剪枝,采用记忆化搜索,保存起点到每个节点的最小距离。
代码:
#include<iostream>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stack>
#include<string>
#include<string.h>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
# define maxn 15
int n ;
typedef struct{
int x, y , z ;
}node ;
char arc[maxn][maxn][maxn] ;
int dist[maxn][maxn][maxn] ;
node st , ed ;
int _min;
//空间中六个方向的搜索 第一个为左列,第一个为上行,第三个为层数 , 上下左右前后
int dir[6][3] = { {0 , -1 , 0} , {0 , 1 , 0} , {-1 , 0 , 0}, {1 , 0 , 0} , {0 , 0 , -1} ,{0 , 0 ,1} } ;
void dfs(node v , int step ){
if(v.x <0 || v.x >= n || v.y < 0 || v.y >= n || v.z <0 || v.z >= n) return ;
if(arc[v.x][v.y][v.z] == 'X') return ;
if(dist[v.x][v.y][v.z] <= step) return ; //剪枝,这一步非常重要
dist[v.x][v.y][v.z] = step ; //最小距离的记忆化搜索
if(v.x == ed.x && v.y == ed.y && v.z == ed.z)
if(step < _min)
{_min = step ; return ;}
for(int i = 0 ; i< 6 ; i++){
node now;
now.x = v.x + dir[i][0] ;
now.y = v.y + dir[i][1] ;
now.z = v.z + dir[i][2] ;
dfs(now , step + 1) ;
}
}
int main(){
string s ;
while(cin>>s >> n){
getchar() ;
_min = 99999 ;
flag = 0 ;
for(int k =0 ; k< n ; k++){
for(int i = 0 ; i < n ; i++ ){
for(int j = 0 ; j< n ; j++){
scanf( "%c" , &arc[i][j][k]) ;
dist[i][j][k] = 0xffffff ; //记忆化搜索,保存已经搜索过的结果
}
getchar() ;
}
}
scanf("%d %d %d" ,&st.x , &st.y , &st.z ) ;
scanf("%d %d %d" , &ed.x , &ed.y , &ed.z) ;
cin>>s ;
dfs(st , 0) ;
if(_min != 99999)
printf("%d %d\n" , n , _min);
else
printf("NO ROUTE\n") ;
}
return 0 ;
}