窗口程序-WinAPI之C#语言实现

 其实在C#里面API已经被封装了很深了，比如Form f=new Form(); f.show();这样便能创建个窗体并显示出来。完全没了C和汇编的频繁的API调用了，然而实际上在我们实例化个窗体类时仍然是调用那些API！

下面给出相关的API和结构，具体还是摸索中，比如C#获取函数的指针就需要用到委托(有人说委托便是函数指针)，但仍然还是些问题比较难以解决……

 

    #region 构建窗体必须的API
    /// <summary>
    /// 构建窗体必须的API
    /// </summary>
    static class WinApi
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 注销窗体
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hwnd"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "DestroyWindow", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
        internal static extern bool DestroyWindow(IntPtr hwnd);
        /// <summary>
        /// 退出消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="nExitCode"></param>
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        public static extern void PostQuitMessage(int nExitCode);
        /// <summary>
        /// 消息的默认处理
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hWnd"></param>
        /// <param name="Msg"></param>
        /// <param name="wParam"></param>
        /// <param name="lParam"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "DefWindowProc")]
        public static extern int DefWindowProc(IntPtr hWnd, uint Msg, int wParam, int lParam);
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取模块句柄
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="lpModuleName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr GetModuleHandle(string lpModuleName);
        /// <summary>
        /// 注册窗体
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="wndClassEx"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr RegisterClassEx(WndClassEx wndClassEx);
        /// <summary>
        /// 创建窗体
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dwExStyle"></param>
        /// <param name="lpClassName"></param>
        /// <param name="lpWindowName"></param>
        /// <param name="dwStyle"></param>
        /// <param name="x"></param>
        /// <param name="y"></param>
        /// <param name="nWidth"></param>
        /// <param name="nHeight"></param>
        /// <param name="hWndParent"></param>
        /// <param name="hMenu"></param>
        /// <param name="hInstance"></param>
        /// <param name="lpParam"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr CreateWindowEx(int dwExStyle, string lpClassName, string lpWindowName, int dwStyle, int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, IntPtr hWndParent, IntPtr hMenu, IntPtr hInstance, IntPtr lpParam);
        /// <summary>
        /// 显示窗体
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hWnd"></param>
        /// <param name="nCmdShow"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern bool ShowWindow(IntPtr hWnd, int nCmdShow);
        /// <summary>
        /// 更新窗体
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hWnd"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern bool UpdateWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="lpMsg"></param>
        /// <param name="hwnd"></param>
        /// <param name="wMsgFilterMin"></param>
        /// <param name="wMsgFilterMax"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetMessage")]
        public static extern int GetMessage(
                        out   Msg lpMsg,
                        int hwnd,
                        int wMsgFilterMin,
                        int wMsgFilterMax
        );
        /// <summary>
        /// 发生消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="lpMsg"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "DispatchMessage")]
        public static extern int DispatchMessage(
                      ref   Msg lpMsg
        );
        /// <summary>
        /// 派发消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="lpMsg"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "TranslateMessage")]
        public static extern int TranslateMessage(
                      ref   Msg lpMsg
        );

        /// <summary>
        /// 导入图标
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hInstance"></param>
        /// <param name="lpIconName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr LoadIcon(IntPtr hInstance, string lpIconName);

        /// <summary>
        /// 导入鼠标
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hInstance"></param>
        /// <param name="lpCursorName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr LoadCursor(IntPtr hInstance, int lpCursorName);
    }
    #endregion

    #region 窗体结构体
    /// <summary>
    /// 窗体结构体，用于注册等
    /// </summary>
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct WndClassEx
    {
        public int Cbsize;//该结构体占有的字节数
        public int style;//指定窗口风格 常用值：CS_VREDRAW(垂直方向自动重画)、CS_HREDRAW(水平方向自动重画)、CS_DBLCLKS(支持鼠标双击)
        public IntPtr lpfnWndProc;//函数指针，指向处理窗口消息的函数入口，即窗口处理过程
        public int cbClsExtra;//结构体后附加的字节数，一般总为0
        public int cbWndExtra;//窗体实例附加的字节数，一般总为0
        public IntPtr hInstance;//模块句柄
        public IntPtr hIcon;//图标句柄，程序在任务栏中显示的图标
        public IntPtr hCursor;//光标句柄
        public IntPtr hbrBackgrounp;//窗体背景色句柄
        public int lpszMenuName;//菜单名的字符串
        public string lpszClassName;//自定义类名，不要与其他类名重复
        public IntPtr hIconSm;//小图标句柄
    }
    #endregion

    #region 消息结构体
    /// <summary>
    /// 消息结构体
    /// </summary>
    [ StructLayout( LayoutKind.Sequential )]
    public struct Msg
    {
        public IntPtr hwnd;//消息发往的窗口句柄
        public uint message;//消息号
        public string wParam;//消息参数一
        public string lParam;//消息参数二
        public int time;//时间
        public int pt;//消息发生地点，大多与鼠标有关
    }
    #endregion

 

 

 

 

实现过程是

依次调用API函数：GetModuleHandle → RtlZeroMemory → LoadCursor  → RegisterClassEx

→ CreateWindowEx → ShowWindow → UpdateWindow

GetMessage → TranslateMessage → DispatchMessageran

然后等待系统回调窗口过程