思路:
完成一个三子棋程序,首先要有一个菜单,用于用户选择开始还是退出;然后就可以开始游戏了,在游戏最开始,首先进行一个小的猜数游戏,用于决定接下来的游戏是电脑先开始还是用户先开始;开始游戏以后,每当用户或者电脑走一步后都要显示棋盘现在的状态,然后进行判断,棋盘是否满了,电脑和用户的输赢, 接下来在进行继续落子,或者游戏结束,由用户决定是否开始开始下一轮。
在程序中要用到的函数有:
void Menu();//菜单
void Init(char board[][COL], int row,int col);//初始化
int Guess();//猜数(用于决定谁先开始)
void Show(char board[][COL], int row, int col);//显示棋盘
void PersonMove(char board[][COL], int row, int col);//用户落子
void ComputerMove(char board[][COL], int row, int col);//电脑落子
char Judge(char board[][COL], int row, int col);//判断游戏是否继续进行,输赢
void Game();//游戏过程
代码块及各部分功能:
在 Menu()函数中列出菜单,用printf()函数输出即可;
void Menu()
{
printf("\t\t\t*******************************************************\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t\t****************** 欢迎来到三子棋游戏 *****************\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t\t****************** 1、Play 2、Exit ******************\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t\t*******************************************************\n\n");
printf("请输入您的选择 > \n");
}
在 Init(char board[][COL], int row,int col)函数中对棋盘进行初始化,棋盘使用二维数组表示,即将所有数组元素都赋为空格;
void Init(char board[][3],int row,int col)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++){
for (j = 0; j < col; j++){
board[i][j] = ' ';
}
}
}
在 Guess()函数中进行猜数游戏,用于决定谁先开始,用rand()函数,进行rand()%2操作,保证输出的值是0或1;若用户猜对,返回1,用户先落子,若电脑猜对,返回0,电脑先落子;
int Guess()
{
int m = 0;
int x = rand() % 2;
printf("请您猜数(0或1)> ");
scanf_s("%d", &m);
if (x == m){
printf("恭喜,你猜对了,你先走!\n\n");
return 1;
}
else{
printf("不好意思,你猜错了,电脑先走!\n\n");
return 0;
}
}
在Show(char board[][COL], int row, int col)函数中显示棋盘,用for循环输出棋盘的框架,在用户和电脑落子之后在输出相应棋子即可;
void Show(char board[][COL], int row, int col)
{
printf(" 1 | 2 | 3\n");
printf("---------------\n");
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= row; i++){
printf("%d |", i);
for (j = 1; j <= col; j++){
printf("%c |", board[i - 1][j - 1]);
}
printf("\n");
printf("---------------\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
在PersonMove(char board[][COL], int row, int col)函数中,用户进行落子操作,对棋盘剩余空位和用户输入的位置进行判断,若用户输入位置无误且棋盘空位满足则落子,否则输出提示;
void PersonMove(char board[][COL], int row, int col)
{
while (1){
printf("请落子(x ,y) > ");
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
scanf_s("%d %d", &x, &y);
if (x<=0 || x>3 || y<=0 || y>3){
printf("您输入的位置有误,请重新输入!\n");
continue;
}
else if (board[x - 1][y - 1] != ' '){
printf("该位置已经被占了,请重新输入!\n");
continue;
}
else {
board[x - 1][y - 1] = PERSON;
break;
}
}
}
在 ComputerMove(char board[][COL], int row, int col)函数中,电脑进行落子操作,同样对棋盘剩余空位和随机产生的位置进行判断,满足条件即落子;
void ComputerMove(char board[][COL], int row, int col)
{
printf("电脑落子 > \n\n");
while (1){
int x = rand() % row;
int y = rand() % col;
if (board[x][y] == ' '){
board[x][y] = COMPUTER;
break;
}
}
}
在Judge(char board[][COL], int row, int col)函数中判断游戏是否继续进行,以及输赢;若有一行,或一列,或斜着,都是同种类型的棋子,则该棋子拥有者胜利;若棋盘未满,则继续输入;若棋盘已满,还未分出胜负,则平局;
char Judge(char board[][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++){
if (board[i][0] != ' '&&board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2]){
return board[i][0];
}
if (board[0][i] != ' '&&board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i]){
return board[0][i];
}
if (board[1][1] != ' '&&board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2]){
return board[1][1];
}
if (board[1][1] != ' '&&board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0]){
return board[1][1];
}
for (j = 0; j < col; j++){
if (board[i][j] == ' '){
return 'N';
}
}
}
return 'F';
}
在Game()函数中是游戏的基本过程,调用 Init(char board[][COL], int row,int col)函数对棋盘进行初始化;再调用Show(char board[][COL], int row, int col)函数显示棋盘,再调用Guess()函数进行猜数游戏,决定谁先开始,若用户猜对,返回1,用户先落子,若电脑猜对,返回0,电脑先落子,每次落子后进行显示棋盘(Show(char board[][COL], int row, int col)函数)和判断接下来的操作(Judge(char board[][COL], int row, int col)函数)
void Game()
{
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
char result = 0;
char board[ROW][COL];
Init(board, ROW, COL);
printf("棋盘是这样的 > \n");
Show(board, ROW, COL);
printf("游戏开始前先来个小游戏决定谁先走吧!\n\n");
int a = Guess();
do{
switch (a){
case 1:
{
PersonMove(board, ROW, COL);
Show(board, ROW, COL);
a = 0;
break;
}
case 0:
{
ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
Show(board, ROW, COL);
a = 1;
break;
}
default:
break;
}
result = Judge(board, ROW, COL);
if (result != 'N'){
break;
}
} while (1);
switch (result){
case PERSON:
printf("恭喜你,你赢了!\n");
break;
case COMPUTER:
printf("真遗憾,你输了!\n");
break;
case 'F':
printf("平局!\n");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
完整代码:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<time.h>
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
#define COMPUTER 'X'
#define PERSON 'O'
void Init(char board[][3],int row,int col)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++){
for (j = 0; j < col; j++){
board[i][j] = ' ';
}
}
}
int Guess()
{
int m = 0;
int x = rand() % 2;
printf("请您猜数(0或1)> ");
scanf_s("%d", &m);
if (x == m){
printf("恭喜,你猜对了,你先走!\n\n");
return 1;
}
else{
printf("不好意思,你猜错了,电脑先走!\n\n");
return 0;
}
}
void ComputerMove(char board[][COL], int row, int col)
{
printf("电脑落子 > \n\n");
while (1){
int x = rand() % row;
int y = rand() % col;
if (board[x][y] == ' '){
board[x][y] = COMPUTER;
break;
}
}
}
void PersonMove(char board[][COL], int row, int col)
{
while (1){
printf("请落子(x ,y) > ");
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
scanf_s("%d %d", &x, &y);
if (x<=0 || x>3 || y<=0 || y>3){
printf("您输入的位置有误,请重新输入!\n");
continue;
}
else if (board[x - 1][y - 1] != ' '){
printf("该位置已经被占了,请重新输入!\n");
continue;
}
else {
board[x - 1][y - 1] = PERSON;
break;
}
}
}
void Show(char board[][COL], int row, int col)
{
printf(" 1 | 2 | 3\n");
printf("---------------\n");
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= row; i++){
printf("%d |", i);
for (j = 1; j <= col; j++){
printf("%c |", board[i - 1][j - 1]);
}
printf("\n");
printf("---------------\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
char Judge(char board[][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++){
if (board[i][0] != ' '&&board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2]){
return board[i][0];
}
if (board[0][i] != ' '&&board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i]){
return board[0][i];
}
if (board[1][1] != ' '&&board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2]){
return board[1][1];
}
if (board[1][1] != ' '&&board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0]){
return board[1][1];
}
for (j = 0; j < col; j++){
if (board[i][j] == ' '){
return 'N';
}
}
}
return 'F';
}
void Game()
{
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
char result = 0;
char board[ROW][COL];
Init(board, ROW, COL);
printf("棋盘是这样的 > \n");
Show(board, ROW, COL);
printf("游戏开始前先来个小游戏决定谁先走吧!\n\n");
int a = Guess();
do{
switch (a){
case 1:
{
PersonMove(board, ROW, COL);
Show(board, ROW, COL);
a = 0;
break;
}
case 0:
{
ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
Show(board, ROW, COL);
a = 1;
break;
}
default:
break;
}
result = Judge(board, ROW, COL);
if (result != 'N'){
break;
}
} while (1);
switch (result){
case PERSON:
printf("恭喜你,你赢了!\n");
break;
case COMPUTER:
printf("真遗憾,你输了!\n");
break;
case 'F':
printf("平局!\n");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
void Menu()
{
printf("\t\t\t*******************************************************\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t\t****************** 欢迎来到三子棋游戏 *****************\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t\t****************** 1、Play 2、Exit ******************\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t\t*******************************************************\n\n");
printf("请输入您的选择 > \n");
}
void main()
{
int quit = 1;
int select = 1;
do{
Menu();
scanf_s("%d", &select);
switch (select){
case 1:
Game();
break;
case 2:
quit = 0;
break;
default:
printf("您的选择有误,请重新选择!");
break;
}
} while (quit);
system("pause");
}
运行结果:
选择1,开始游戏:
猜数游戏决定谁先走:
正式开始:
若选2,则退出: