OpenGL: Glut显示立体图形

源代码：

#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

#include <gl/glut.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "glut32.lib")

//圆周率宏
#define GL_PI 3.1415f
//获取屏幕的宽度
GLint SCREEN_WIDTH=0;
GLint SCREEN_HEIGHT=0;
//设置程序的窗口大小
GLint windowWidth=400;
GLint windowHeight=300;
//绕x轴旋转角度
GLfloat xRotAngle=0.0f;
//绕y轴旋转角度
GLfloat yRotAngle=0.0f;
//受支持的点大小范围
GLfloat sizes[2];
//受支持的点大小增量
GLfloat step;

enum MODELS{
	SPHERE=0,
	CONE,
	CUBE,
	TORUS,
	DODECAHEDRON,
	TEAPOT,
	OCTAHEDRON,
	TETRAHEDRON,
	ICOSAHEDRON
};
GLint iModel=SPHERE;
GLboolean bWire=GL_TRUE;
//菜单回调函数
void processMenu(int value){
	switch(value){
		case 1:
			iModel=SPHERE;
			break;
		case 2:
			iModel=CONE;
			break;
		case 3:
			iModel=CUBE;
			break;
		case 4:
			iModel=TORUS;
			break;
		case 5:
			iModel=DODECAHEDRON;
			break;
		case 6:
			iModel=TEAPOT;
			break;
		case 7:
			iModel=OCTAHEDRON;
			break;
		case 8:
			iModel=TETRAHEDRON;
			break;
		case 9:
			iModel=ICOSAHEDRON;
			break;
		case 10:
			bWire=GL_TRUE;
			break;
		case 11:
			bWire=GL_FALSE;
			break;
		default:
			break;
	}
	//重新绘制
	glutPostRedisplay();
}
//显示回调函数
void renderScreen(void){
	//将窗口颜色清理为黑色
	glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
	//将模板缓冲区值全部清理为1
	glClearStencil(1);
	//使能模板缓冲区
	glEnable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
	//把整个窗口清理为当前清理颜色：黑色。清除深度缓冲区、模板缓冲区
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT|GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT);
	//将当前Matrix状态入栈
	glPushMatrix();
	//坐标系绕x轴旋转xRotAngle
	glRotatef(xRotAngle,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
	//坐标系绕y轴旋转yRotAngle
	glRotatef(yRotAngle,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
	//进行平滑处理　
	glEnable(GL_POINT_SMOOTH);
	glHint(GL_POINT_SMOOTH,GL_NICEST);
	glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH);
	glHint(GL_LINE_SMOOTH,GL_NICEST);
	glEnable(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH);
	glHint(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH,GL_NICEST);

	//白色绘制坐标系
	glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);
	glBegin(GL_LINES);
	glVertex3f(-9.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
	glVertex3f(9.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
	glVertex3f(0.0f,-9.0f,0.0f);
	glVertex3f(0.0f,9.0f,0.0f);
	glVertex3f(0.0f,0.0f,-9.0f);
	glVertex3f(0.0f,0.0f,9.0f);
	glEnd();

	glPushMatrix();
	glTranslatef(9.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
	glRotatef(90.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
	glutSolidCone(0.3,0.6,10,10);
	glPopMatrix();

	glPushMatrix();
	glTranslatef(0.0f,9.0f,0.0f);
	glRotatef(-90.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
	glutSolidCone(0.3,0.6,10,10);
	glPopMatrix();

	glPushMatrix();
	glTranslatef(0.0f,0.0f,9.0f);
	glRotatef(90.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
	glutSolidCone(0.3,0.6,10,10);
	glPopMatrix();

	//设置绘画颜色为金色
	glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
	switch(iModel){
		//球
		case SPHERE:
			if(bWire){
				glutWireSphere(8.0f,20,20);
			}
			else{
				glutSolidSphere(8.0f,20,20);
			}
			break;
			//锥体
		case CONE:
			if(bWire){
				glutWireCone(4.0f,8.0f,20,20);
			}
			else{
				glutSolidCone(4.0f,8.0f,20,20);
			}
			break;
			//立体
		case CUBE:
			if(bWire){
				glutWireCube(8.0f);
			}
			else{
				glutSolidCube(8.0f);
			}
			break;
			//甜圈
		case TORUS:
			if(bWire){
				glutWireTorus(3.0f,6.0f,20,20);
			}
			else{
				glutSolidTorus(3.0f,6.0f,20,20);
			}
			break;
			//十六面体，默认半径1.0
		case DODECAHEDRON:
			glScalef(6.0f,6.0f,6.0f);//x,y,z轴均放大6倍
			if(bWire){
				glutWireDodecahedron();
			}
			else{
				glutSolidDodecahedron();
			}
			break;
			//茶壶
		case TEAPOT:
			if(bWire){
				glutWireTeapot(8.0f);
			}
			else{
				glutSolidTeapot(8.0f);
			}
			break;
			//八面体，默认半径1.0
		case OCTAHEDRON:
			glScalef(6.0f,6.0f,6.0f);//x,y,z轴均放大6倍
			if(bWire){
				glutWireOctahedron();
			}
			else{
				glutSolidOctahedron();
			}
			break;
			//四面体，默认半径1.0
		case TETRAHEDRON:
			glScalef(6.0f,6.0f,6.0f);//x,y,z轴均放大6倍
			if(bWire){
				glutWireTetrahedron();
			}
			else{
				glutSolidTetrahedron();
			}
			break;
			//二十面体，默认半径1.0
		case ICOSAHEDRON:
			glScalef(6.0f,6.0f,6.0f);//x,y,z轴均放大6倍
			if(bWire){
				glutWireIcosahedron();
			}
			else{
				glutSolidIcosahedron();
			}
			break;
		default:
			break;
	}

	//恢复压入栈的Matrix
	glPopMatrix();
	//交换两个缓冲区的指针
	glutSwapBuffers();
}
//设置Redering State 
void setupRederingState(void){
	//设置清理颜色为黑色
	glClearColor(0.0f,0.0,0.0,1.0f);
	//设置绘画颜色为绿色
	glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
	//使能深度测试
	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
	//获取受支持的点大小范围
	glGetFloatv(GL_POINT_SIZE_RANGE,sizes);
	//获取受支持的点大小增量
	glGetFloatv(GL_POINT_SIZE_GRANULARITY,&step);
	printf("point size range:%f-%f\n",sizes[0],sizes[1]);
	printf("point step:%f\n",step);
}
//窗口大小变化回调函数
void changSize(GLint w,GLint h){
	//横宽比率
	GLfloat ratio;
	//设置坐标系为x(-100.0f,100.0f)、y(-100.0f,100.0f)、z(-100.0f,100.0f)
	GLfloat coordinatesize=10.0f;
	//窗口宽高为零直接返回
	if((w==0)||(h==0))
		return;
	//设置视口和窗口大小一致
	glViewport(0,0,w,h);
	//对投影矩阵应用随后的矩阵操作
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	//重置当前指定的矩阵为单位矩阵　
	glLoadIdentity();
	ratio=(GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h;
	//正交投影
	if(w<h)
		glOrtho(-coordinatesize,coordinatesize,-coordinatesize/ratio,coordinatesize/ratio,-coordinatesize,coordinatesize);
	else
		glOrtho(-coordinatesize*ratio,coordinatesize*ratio,-coordinatesize,coordinatesize,-coordinatesize,coordinatesize);
	//对模型视图矩阵堆栈应用随后的矩阵操作
	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
	//重置当前指定的矩阵为单位矩阵　
	glLoadIdentity();
}

//按键输入处理回调函数
void specialKey(int key,int x,int y){

	if(key==GLUT_KEY_UP){
		xRotAngle-=5.0f;
	}
	else if(key==GLUT_KEY_DOWN){
		xRotAngle+=5.0f;
	}
	else if(key==GLUT_KEY_LEFT){
		yRotAngle-=5.0f;
	}
	else if(key==GLUT_KEY_RIGHT){
		yRotAngle+=5.0f;
	}
	//重新绘制
	glutPostRedisplay();
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	int nModelMenu;
	int nWireMenu;
	int nMainMenu;
	//初始化glut 
	glutInit(&argc,argv);
	//使用双缓冲区、深度缓冲区、模板缓冲区
	glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_RGBA|GLUT_DEPTH|GLUT_STENCIL);
	//获取系统的宽像素
	SCREEN_WIDTH=glutGet(GLUT_SCREEN_WIDTH);
	//获取系统的高像素
	SCREEN_HEIGHT=glutGet(GLUT_SCREEN_HEIGHT);
	//创建窗口，窗口名字为OpenGL Glut Demo
	glutCreateWindow("OpenGL Glut Demo");
	//设置窗口大小
	glutReshapeWindow(windowWidth,windowHeight);
	//窗口居中显示
	glutPositionWindow((SCREEN_WIDTH-windowWidth)/2,(SCREEN_HEIGHT-windowHeight)/2);
	//创建二级菜单
	nModelMenu=glutCreateMenu(processMenu);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Sphere",1);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Cone",2);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Cube",3);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Torus",4);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Dodecahedron",5);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Teapot",6);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Octahedron",7);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Tetrahedron",8);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Icosahedron",9);
	nWireMenu=glutCreateMenu(processMenu);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Wire",10);
	glutAddMenuEntry("Solid",11);
	nMainMenu=glutCreateMenu(processMenu);
	glutAddSubMenu("Model",nModelMenu);
	glutAddSubMenu("WireOrSolid",nWireMenu);
	//将菜单榜定到鼠标右键上
	glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON);
	//窗口大小变化时的处理函数
	glutReshapeFunc(changSize);
	//设置显示回调函数 
	glutDisplayFunc(renderScreen);
	//设置按键输入处理回调函数
	glutSpecialFunc(specialKey);
	//设置全局渲染参数
	setupRederingState();
	glutMainLoop();
	return 0;
}

    Glut下提供了一些现成的绘制立体的API，如glutWireSphere绘制球，glutWireCone绘制椎体，glutWireCube绘制立体，glutWireTorus绘制甜圈，glutWireTeapot绘制茶壶，glutWireOctahedron绘制八面体。

    Demo程序利用这些API绘制相应的立体，单击鼠标右键在弹出的菜单里可以选择需要绘制的立体以及是wire还是solid填充的，按键盘的UP、DOWN、LEFT、RIGHT按键可以旋转坐标系。由于Glut提供的多面体API默认半径是1.0f的，我使用glScalef对其进行了放大。示例效果如下：