opencv学习之模板匹配

模板匹配失在一幅图中寻找与另一幅模板图最匹配的部分的技术。模板匹配不是基于直方图的，而是在通过输入图像上进行滑动，对实际的图像块和输入图像进行匹配的方法。模板匹配由MatchTemplate()函数完成，其匹配模式有以下六种：

模板匹配示例：

#include"stdafx.h"
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/objdetect/objdetect.hpp>
#include<opencv2/photo/photo.hpp>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std; 

#define WINDOW_NAME1 "【原始图片】"
#define WINDOW_NAME2 "【效果窗口】"

Mat g_srcImage, g_templateImage, g_resultImage;
int g_nMatchMethod;
int g_nMaxTrackbarNum = 5;

void on_Matching(int, void*);

int main()
{
	system("color 2F");
	//分别载入原图像和模板快
	g_srcImage = imread("E:\\pictures\\For_Project\\New_opencv\\liu.jpg",1);
	g_templateImage = imread("E:\\pictures\\For_Project\\New_opencv\\liuface.jpg",1);

	namedWindow(WINDOW_NAME1, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	namedWindow(WINDOW_NAME2, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	//创建滑动条并进行初始化
	createTrackbar("方法", WINDOW_NAME1, &g_nMatchMethod, g_nMaxTrackbarNum, on_Matching);
	on_Matching(0, 0);


	while((char)waitKey(0)!='q'){}

	return 0;
}

void on_Matching(int, void*) {
	//给局部变量初始化
	Mat srcImage;
	g_srcImage.copyTo(srcImage);
	//初始化用于结果的输出矩阵
	int resultImage_cols = g_srcImage.cols - g_templateImage.cols + 1;
	int resultImage_rows = g_srcImage.rows - g_templateImage.rows + 1;
	g_resultImage.create(resultImage_cols, resultImage_rows, CV_32FC1);
	//进行匹配和标准化
	matchTemplate(g_srcImage, g_templateImage, g_resultImage, g_nMatchMethod);
	normalize(g_resultImage, g_resultImage, 0, 1, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());

	double minValue, maxValue;
	Point minLocation, maxLocation;
	Point matchLocation;
	//通过minMaxLoc定位最匹配部位
	minMaxLoc(g_resultImage, &minValue, &maxValue, &minLocation, &maxLocation, Mat());

	if (g_nMatchMethod == TM_SQDIFF || g_nMatchMethod == CV_TM_SQDIFF_NORMED) {
		matchLocation = minLocation;
	}
	else {
		matchLocation = maxLocation;
	}
	//绘制匹配结果并输出
	rectangle(srcImage, matchLocation, Point(matchLocation.x + g_templateImage.cols, 
		matchLocation.y + g_templateImage.rows), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, 0);
	rectangle(g_resultImage, matchLocation, Point(matchLocation.x + g_templateImage.cols, 
		matchLocation.y + g_templateImage.rows), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, 8, 0);

	imshow(WINDOW_NAME1, srcImage);
	imshow(WINDOW_NAME2, g_resultImage);

}

从中看出除了方法2 (TM_CCORR)得到错误的匹配结果外，其余的5种都相对准确。