图像处理中几个常用函数（Opencv实现）

         

图像处理中几个常用函数（Opencv实现） 

kezunhai@gmail.com

http://blog.csdn.net/kezunhai

        图像处理中，有一些会经常用到的函数：

1）Gamma校正

void gammaCorrection(Mat& img, Mat& output, double gamma )
{
	Mat temp;
	img.convertTo(temp, CV_32F);
	cv::log( temp, output );
	output.mul(output, gamma);	//output = gamma* output;
	cv::exp( output, output);
	output.convertTo(output, CV_8U);
}

2）二值化

void thresh_8u( const Mat& _src, Mat& _dst, uchar thresh, uchar maxval, int type )
{
	int i, j, j_scalar = 0;
	uchar tab[256];
	Size roi = _src.size();
	roi.width *= _src.channels();

	if( _src.isContinuous() && _dst.isContinuous() )
	{
		roi.width *= roi.height;
		roi.height = 1;
	}

	switch( type )
	{
	case THRESH_BINARY:
		for( i = 0; i <= thresh; i++ )
			tab[i] = 0;
		for( ; i < 256; i++ )
			tab[i] = maxval;
		break;
	case THRESH_BINARY_INV:
		for( i = 0; i <= thresh; i++ )
			tab[i] = maxval;
		for( ; i < 256; i++ )
			tab[i] = 0;
		break;
	case THRESH_TRUNC:
		for( i = 0; i <= thresh; i++ )
			tab[i] = (uchar)i;
		for( ; i < 256; i++ )
			tab[i] = thresh;
		break;
	case THRESH_TOZERO:
		for( i = 0; i <= thresh; i++ )
			tab[i] = 0;
		for( ; i < 256; i++ )
			tab[i] = (uchar)i;
		break;
	case THRESH_TOZERO_INV:
		for( i = 0; i <= thresh; i++ )
			tab[i] = (uchar)i;
		for( ; i < 256; i++ )
			tab[i] = 0;
		break;
	default:
		CV_Error( CV_StsBadArg, "Unknown threshold type" );
	}

	if( j_scalar < roi.width )
	{
		for( i = 0; i < roi.height; i++ )
		{
			const uchar* src = (const uchar*)(_src.data + _src.step*i);
			uchar* dst = (uchar*)(_dst.data + _dst.step*i);
			j = j_scalar;

			for( ; j < roi.width; j++ )
				dst[j] = tab[src[j]];
		}
	}
}

3）信噪比

double PSNR(InputArray _src1, InputArray _src2)
{
	Mat src1 = _src1.getMat(), src2 = _src2.getMat();
	CV_Assert( src1.depth() == CV_8U );

	double diff = std::sqrt(norm(src1, src2, NORM_L2SQR)/(src1.total()*src1.channels()));

	return 20*log10(255./(diff+DBL_EPSILON));
}

4）计算角度

float calcAngle(float x1,float y1,float x2,float y2）
{
	float angle_temp;
	float xx, yy;

	xx = x2 - x1;
	yy = y2 - y1;

	if (xx == 0.0)
		angle_temp = PI / 2.0;
	else
		angle_temp = atan(fabs(yy / xx));

	if ((xx < 0.0) && (yy >= 0.0))
		angle_temp = PI - angle_temp;
	else if ((xx < 0.0) && (yy < 0.0))
		angle_temp = PI + angle_temp;
	else if ((xx >= 0.0) && (yy < 0.0))
		angle_temp = PI * 2.0 - angle_temp;

	return (angle_temp);
}

5）计算均值和方差

double localvariance(const Mat &image, const uint winsize, const uint xpos, const uint ypos) // 单通道8位灰度图像
{
	// 原理：方差 = 平方的均值 - 均值的平方
	double mean=0.0, var=0.0; 
	int counter=0;
	for(int x=xpos-winsize;x<=xpos+winsize;++x) 
	{
		for(int y=ypos-winsize;y<=ypos+winsize;++y) 
		{		
			uchar val = image.at<uchar>(x,y);
			mean += val;
			var += val*val ;
			++counter;			
		}
	}

	mean/=double(counter);  var/=double(counter);

	var-=mean*mean;
	return var;
}

6）矩阵归一化

Mat normalizeMat(const Mat input)
{
	double minVal, maxVal;
	minMaxLoc(input, &minVal, &maxVal);
	Mat normMat = (input - minVal) / (maxVal - minVal) * 255;
	Mat output;
	normMat.convertTo(output, CV_8U);
	return output;
}

7）获取一个vector的中值

float median(vector<float> v)
{
    int n = cvFloor(v.size() / 2);
    nth_element(v.begin(), v.begin()+n, v.end());
    return v[n];
}

8）Mat类型数据访问

// chn:number of channel, k: the kth channel (default k=0)
template<typename _T> inline _T getPixelValue( const Mat& image, int x, int y, int chn, int k)
{
	return ((_T*)image.data + image.step*y/sizeof(_T))[x*chn+k];
}

template<typename _T> inline void setPixelValue( const Mat& image, int x, int y, int chn, int k, _T _val)
{
	return ((_T*)image.data + image.step*y/sizeof(_T))[x*chn+k] = _val;
}

9）将IplImage或Mat转为一位数组或vector

template<typename _T> void MatToVec1D( const Mat& img, std::vector<_T>& pixels)
{
	int width = img.cols;
	int height = img.rows;
	pixels.clear();
	pixels.resize(width*height);
	for ( int i= 0; i<height; i++)
	{
		_T* data = (_T*)img.data + i*img.step[0]/sizeof(_T);
		for ( int j=0; j<width; j++)
		{
			pixels[i*width+j]= data[j];
		}	  
	}
}

10）将一位数组或vector转为Mat或IplImage

void vector1DToIplImage(unsigned char* data ,  int WIDTH ,  int HEIGTH , IplImage* IMG)			
{
	int k = 0 ;
	for (int i = 0 ; i < HEIGTH ; i ++)
	{
		uchar* ptr = (uchar*)(IMG->imageData + i*IMG->widthStep);
		for (int j = 0 ; j < WIDTH ; j ++)
		{
			ptr[j] = data[k] ;
			k ++ ;
		}
	}
}

11）获取本地时间

std::string getTime() 
{
	char buffer[40];
	struct tm *TM;
	time_t t;
	time(&t);
	TM=localtime(&t);
	strftime(buffer,40,"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",TM);
	std::string result(buffer);
	return result;
}

作者： kezunhai 出处： http://blog.csdn.net/kezunhai 欢迎转载或分享，但请务必声明文章出处。