实践--聊天机器人

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-28 10:45:09 发布

Will Wang'

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-28 10:45:09 发布

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分类专栏：实践文章标签： android 聊天机器人

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28946307/article/details/50955156

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基于图灵机器人接口的聊天机器人的实现
效果如图所示，由于是在模拟器上，我无法输入中文，其实这个是可以实现中文对话的

Step1 界面布局的实现

在每条聊天条目中都包括如下内容，这样在根据消息的类型（收/发）来确定让左边的控件显示还是右边的控件显示

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    >

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/linearlyaout_left"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="left">
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/left_girl"
            android:layout_width="50dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_margin="10dp"
            android:src="@drawable/girl2"/>
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView_receive"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:background="@drawable/left"
            android:textColor="#000000"
            android:textSize="15dp"
            android:text="你好"/>
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/linearlyaout_right"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="right">
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView_send"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:background="@drawable/right"
            android:textColor="#000000"
            android:textSize="15dp"
            android:text="你好"/>
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/right_girl"
            android:layout_width="50dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:layout_margin="10dp"
            android:src="@drawable/girl1"/>
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

主界面的布局就通过添加一个listView，一个EditText和一个Button来实现，通过Button的点击事件，来发送消息，更新listView中数据。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#BFEFFF"
    tools:context="com.lingzhuo.onlyrobot.MainActivity">

    <ListView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dip"
        android:id="@+id/listView"
        android:divider="@null"
        android:focusable="false"
        android:focusableInTouchMode="false"
        android:listSelector="#00000000"
        android:cacheColorHint="#00000000"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/editText"
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            />
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_send"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:text="Send"/>
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

这里写图片描述

这样界面的布局就基本完成了

Step2 图灵机器人接口及代码实现逻辑

聊天功能调用了图灵机器人的接口(http://www.tuling123.com/)
关于接口的使用图灵机器人的官网上面已经讲得很详细了，APIKEY只需要注册一下在个人中心就可以获取到（接口的实现很简单，请自行查阅官网，需要自己登录注册）
图灵机器人官网个人信息中查看自己的API_KEY
我们先新建一个MyMsg消息类，listView中接收的数据类型
此类用来存放消息的内容，id等等；

package com.lingzhuo.onlyrobot;

/**
 * Created by Wang on 2016/3/19.
 */
public class MyMsg {
    public static final int TYPR_SENT=0;
    public static final int TYPR_RECEIVRD=1;
    private String msg;
    private int type;

    public MyMsg(String msg, int type) {
        this.msg = msg;
        this.type = type;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public int getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(int type) {
        this.type = type;
    }
}

由于要用到ListView并且向其中添加自己自定义的条目布局，所以需要自己写一个Adapter适配器，将listView和数据进行适配
复用convertView解决布局文件重复加载的问题
建立ViewHolder类，解决布局文件中重复findViewById方法的调用
通过上面两个的复用，提高ListView的效率

public class MyAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<MyMsg> {
    private int item_layout;
    public MyAdapter(Context context,int textViewResourceId, List<MyMsg> objects) {
        super(context,textViewResourceId, objects);
        item_layout=textViewResourceId;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        MyMsg myMsg=getItem(position);
        View view;
        ViewHolder viewHolder;
        if (convertView==null){
            view= LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(item_layout,null);
            viewHolder=new ViewHolder();
            viewHolder.textView_receive= (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.textView_receive);
            viewHolder.textView_send= (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.textView_send);
            viewHolder.leftImageView= (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.left_girl);
            viewHolder.rightImageView= (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.right_girl);
            viewHolder.leftLinearLayout= (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.linearlyaout_left);
            viewHolder.rightLinearLayout= (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.linearlyaout_right);
        view.setTag(viewHolder);
        }else{
            view=convertView;
            viewHolder= (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
        }



        if (MyMsg.TYPR_SENT==myMsg.getType()){
            viewHolder.textView_receive.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            viewHolder.leftImageView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            viewHolder.textView_send.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            viewHolder.rightImageView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            viewHolder.textView_send.setText(myMsg.getMsg());
        }else if (MyMsg.TYPR_RECEIVRD==myMsg.getType()){
            viewHolder.textView_send.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            viewHolder.rightImageView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            viewHolder.textView_receive.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            viewHolder.leftImageView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            viewHolder.textView_receive.setText(myMsg.getMsg());
        }
        return view;
    }

    class ViewHolder{
        TextView textView_receive;
        TextView textView_send;
        ImageView leftImageView;
        ImageView rightImageView;
        LinearLayout leftLinearLayout;
        LinearLayout rightLinearLayout;
    }

}

由于主线程中不能进行过于耗时的操作，所以我们在点击SEND按钮的时候，就开启一个新的线程，而在自己开启的线程里面不能更新UI，所以使用了handler将获取到的消息传递给UI线程，在新线程中将消息发送到图灵机器人的接口上，同时更新listView中的信息，并且解析返回的数据，将返回的数据通过handler将获取到的消息传递给UI线程。

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ListView listView;
    private EditText editText;
    private Button button;
    private List<MyMsg> data = new ArrayList<>();
    private MyAdapter adapter;

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_send);
        listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView);
        editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText);
        adapter = new MyAdapter(getApplicationContext(), R.layout.item_layout, data);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);

        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {

                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        String str = editText.getText().toString();
                        MyMsg mysendMsg = new MyMsg(str, MyMsg.TYPR_SENT);
                        Message sendMessage = new Message();
                        sendMessage.obj = mysendMsg;
                        sendMessage.what=0;
                        handler.sendMessage(sendMessage);
                        String responString=getBackMsg(str);
                        MyMsg myReceiveMsg = new MyMsg(responString, MyMsg.TYPR_RECEIVRD);
                        Message receiveMessage = new Message();
                        receiveMessage.obj = myReceiveMsg;
                        handler.sendMessage(receiveMessage);

                    }
                }).start();
            }
        });
    }

    private Handler handler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            MyMsg myMsg= (MyMsg) msg.obj;
            if (msg.what==0){
                editText.setText("");
            }
            data.add(myMsg);
            scrollMyListViewToBottom();
            adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

        }
    };

    private void scrollMyListViewToBottom() {
        listView.post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // Select the last row so it will scroll into view...
                listView.setSelection(adapter.getCount() - 1);
            }
        });
    }




    public static String getBackMsg(String str){
        URL url;
        String backString = null;
        try {
            url = new URL("http://www.tuling123.com/openapi/api");
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
            conn.setConnectTimeout(1000);
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            sendMessage(conn,str);
            backString=receiveMessage(conn);
        } catch (MalformedURLException e1) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e1.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return backString;
    }

    private static void sendMessage(HttpURLConnection conn,String str) {
        //图灵机器人官网个人信息中查看自己的API_KEY
        String API_KEY = "**************************";
        String requestString = "key=" + API_KEY + "&info=" + str;
        OutputStream outputStream;
        try {
            outputStream = conn.getOutputStream();
            outputStream.write(requestString.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            outputStream.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static String receiveMessage(HttpURLConnection conn){
        BufferedReader reader;
        String responseString = "";
        String line="";
        JSONObject jsonObject=null;
        try {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
            String temp="";
            while ((temp = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                responseString += temp;
            }
            jsonObject=new JSONObject(responseString);
            line=jsonObject.getString("text");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return line;
    }



}