文章出处:http://blog.csdn.net/scarthr/article/details/42427917
1. 普通消息处理
假设我们在做一个BBS系统,当我们在留言的时候,如果需要对消息进行过滤处理,写下面一个消息处理类:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public class MsgProcessor {
private String msg;
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
public String process() {
String r = msg.replace('<', '[');
r = r.replace('>', ']');
r = r.replace("shit", "**");
return r;
}
}
2. Filter接口
如果对消息处理的过程不断变化的化,我们就需要写一个专门提供消息处理的接口:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public interface Filter {
String doFilter(String str);
}
我们定义一个处理html标签的过滤器和一个处理敏感词汇的过滤器,都实现了Filter接口:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public class HtmlFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public String doFilter(String str) {
String r = str.replace('<', '[');
r = r.replace('>', ']');
return r;
}
}
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public class SensitiveFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public String doFilter(String str) {
String r = str.replace("shit", "**");
return r;
}
}
然后在MsgProcessor中定义成员变量Filter[],在process中遍历这个数组,逐个过滤msg。
public String process() {
String r = null;
for (Filter filter : filters) {
r = filter.doFilter(msg);
}
return r;
}
同样达到了我们的效果,并且在有新的过滤规则时,方便添加修改。像这样样在一个到达目的地之前,经过一系列的中间的处理,才到达目的地。这种中间处理的链条就叫做责任链。
3. 在链条中间添加新的链条
如果我们需要在已有的责任链中添加新的责任链条改怎么操作呢?
我们新建一个类,专门存放过滤器,用这个过滤器自己执行过滤的方法,最后我们的MsgProcessor只需调用这个类的过滤方法就可以:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class FilterChain {
private ArrayList<Filter> filters;
public FilterChain() {
filters = new ArrayList<Filter>();
}
public FilterChain add(Filter filter) {
filters.add(filter);
return this;
}
public String process(String str) {
String r = str;
for (Filter filter : filters) {
r = filter.doFilter(r);
}
return r;
}
}
再修改我们的MsgProcessor类,替换原来的Filter数组为新的FilterChain,加入set和get方法,修改process方法。
public String process() {
String r = chain.process(msg);
return r;
}
测试类:
public static void main(String[] args) {
String msg = "<title>今天心情很不好<body>无数个shit在心中";
MsgProcessor mp = new MsgProcessor();
mp.setMsg(msg);
FilterChain chain = new FilterChain();
chain.add(new HtmlFilter());
chain.add(new SensitiveFilter());
mp.setChain(chain);
String result = mp.process();
System.out.println(result);
}
如果想要我们的FilterChain还可以add一个FilterChain那么,只需FilterChain实现Filter接口,更改process方法为复写doFilter即可。
4. 设计可双向过滤的过滤器
我们模拟修改之前的Filter接口,用来模拟网络中客户和服务器之间的消息处理:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public interface Filter {
void doFilter(Request request, Response response);
}
设计Request类和Response类:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public class Request {
private String requestStr;
public Request(String requestStr) {
super();
this.requestStr = requestStr;
}
public String getRequestStr() {
return requestStr;
}
public void setRequestStr(String requestStr) {
this.requestStr = requestStr;
}
}
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public class Response {
private String responseStr;
public Response(String responseStr) {
super();
this.responseStr = responseStr;
}
public String getResponseStr() {
return responseStr;
}
public void setResponseStr(String responseStr) {
this.responseStr = responseStr;
}
}
修改过滤器类,添加处理信息:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public class HtmlFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void doFilter(Request request, Response response) {
String r = request.getRequestStr().replace('<', '[').replace('>', ']')
+ "+html请求处理";
request.setRequestStr(r);
response.setResponseStr(response.getResponseStr() + "+html响应处理");
}
}
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public class SensitiveFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void doFilter(Request request, Response response) {
String r = request.getRequestStr().replace("shit", "**")
+ "+sensitive请求处理";
request.setRequestStr(r);
response.setResponseStr(response.getResponseStr() + "+sensitive响应处理");
}
}
加入处理信息方便看到处理流程。
修改过滤器的实现方法后测试:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String msg = "<title>今天心情很不好<body>无数个shit在心中";
Request request = new Request(msg);
Response response = new Response("默认返回");
FilterChain chain = new FilterChain();
chain.add(new HtmlFilter());
chain.add(new SensitiveFilter());
chain.doFilter(request, response);
System.out.println(request.getRequestStr());
System.out.println(response.getResponseStr());
}
}
运行结果:
[title]今天心情很不好[body]无数个**在心中+html请求处理+sensitive请求处理
默认返回+html响应处理+sensitive响应处理
我们发现处理Request的顺序和Response的顺序是一样的,而实际中应当是处理完Request后,处理Response的顺序应当是倒序的,类似一个栈的效果,那么这该怎么实现呢?
5. 栈过滤器
这里其实就要用到递归的思想。我们修改一下Filter接口:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public interface Filter {
void doFilter(Request request, Response response, FilterChain chain);
}
修改HtmlFilterr类:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
public class HtmlFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void doFilter(Request request, Response response, FilterChain chain) {
String r = request.getRequestStr().replace('<', '[').replace('>', ']')
+ "+html请求处理";
request.setRequestStr(r);
chain.doFilter(request, response, chain);
response.setResponseStr(response.getResponseStr() + "+html响应处理");
}
}
在处理完Request后,立刻调用FilterChain的doFilter方法,这样就进入了下一个Filter的doFilter方法中处理Request请求了,SensitiveFilter类写法一样。
修改FilterChain类:
package com.thr.chainofresponsibility;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class FilterChain implements Filter {
private ArrayList<Filter> filters;
private int index;
public FilterChain() {
filters = new ArrayList<Filter>();
}
public FilterChain add(Filter filter) {
filters.add(filter);
return this;
}
@Override
public void doFilter(Request request, Response response, FilterChain chain) {
if (index == filters.size()) {
return;
}
Filter filter = filters.get(index);
index++;
filter.doFilter(request, response, chain);
}
}
定义一个index来记录当前的位置,当运行到最后一个Filter的时候就会跳出,然后一层一层跳回处理Response响应,这样就刚好和我们预期的效果一样了。
运行结果:
[title]今天心情很不好[body]无数个**在心中+html请求处理+sensitive请求处理
默认返回+sensitive请求处理+html请求处理