1、输入捕获简介
•
IC
(
Input Capture
)输入捕获
•
输入捕获模式下,当通道输入引脚出现指定电平跳变时,当前
CNT
的值将被锁存到
CCR
中,可用于测量
PWM
波形的频率、占空比、脉冲间隔、电平持续时间等参数
•
每个高级定时器和通用定时器都拥有
4
个输入捕获通道
•
可配置为
PWMI
模式,同时测量频率和占空比
•
可配合主从触发模式,实现硬件全自动测量
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/f802b201497f00e84fa499720f5f3a7c.png)
2、 频率测量
•
测频法:在闸门时间
T
内,对上升沿计次,得到
N
,则频率(适合高频)
𝑓𝑥=𝑁 / 𝑇f_x=N / T
•
测周法:两个上升沿内,以标准频率
f
c
计次,得到
N
,则频率(适合低频)
𝑓𝑥=𝑓𝑐 / 𝑁f_x=f_c / N
•
中界频率:测频法与测周法误差相等的频率点(取值,然后进行判断)
𝑓𝑚=𝑓𝑐 / 𝑇f_m=√(f_c / T)
3、 输入捕获通道
4、主从触发模式
5、 输入捕获基本结构
右上角时基单元,预分频后的时钟频率即为fc。标准频率=72M/预分频系数。
GPIO输入左上角方波信号TI1FP1为上升沿触发分频器不分频,CNT的计数值转运到CCR1里。
同时,触发源选择,选择TI1FP1为触发信号,从模式选择复位模式,CNT清零。
注意事项:ARR最大65535,信号频率太低,CNT计数值会溢出。从模式触发信号选择,只有TI1FP1,TI2FP2,没有TI3和TI4,T13和T14需要另外开启中断,但是消耗芯片资源。
6、PWMI基本结构
TI1FP1配置模式同上,TI2FP2模式为下降沿,通过交叉通道,触发通道2捕获单元。
7、测量频率
7.1main
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "PWM.h"
#include "IC.h"
uint8_t i;
int main(void)
{
OLED_Init();
PWM_Init();
IC_Init();
OLED_ShowString(0,0,"Freq: Hz");
PWM_SetPrescaler(720-1);//Freq = 72M/(PSC+1)/100
PWM_SetCompare1(50); //Duty = CCR/100
while (1)
{
OLED_ShowNum(40,0,IC_GetFreq(),5,16);
}
}
7.2 IC
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
void IC_Init(void)
{
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3,ENABLE);//开启APB1TIM3时钟函数
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
TIM_InternalClockConfig(TIM3);//选择时基单元的时钟
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructInit;
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit.TIM_ClockDivision=TIM_CKD_DIV1 ;//选择1分频,主要作用,滤波处理
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit.TIM_CounterMode=TIM_CounterMode_Up;//向上计数
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit.TIM_Period = 65536-1;//周期,ARR自动重装器的值(同PSC取值范围0~65535)
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit.TIM_Prescaler= 72 -1;//PSC预分频器的值
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit.TIM_RepetitionCounter=0;//重复计数器的值(高级定时器才有用)
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3,&TIM_TimeBaseStructInit);//初始化时基单元
//-------------输入捕获通道----------------
TIM_ICInitTypeDef TIM_ICInitStruct;
TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_1;//选择通道1
TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICFilter = 0xF;//输入捕获的滤波器(数越大滤波效果越好)
TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising ;//极性上升沿触发
TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1 ;//分频器
TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;//选择触发信号从那个引脚输入,直连输入
TIM_ICInit(TIM3,&TIM_ICInitStruct);
//-------------配置TRGI的触发源为TI1FO1---------------
TIM_SelectInputTrigger(TIM3,TIM_TS_TI1FP1);
//--------------配置从模式为RESET-------------------
TIM_SelectSlaveMode(TIM3,TIM_SlaveMode_Reset);
TIM_Cmd(TIM3,ENABLE);//启动定时器
}
uint32_t IC_GetFreq(void)
{
return 1000000/(TIM_GetCapture1(TIM3)+1);
}
7.3 OLED
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "OLED.h"
#include "OLED_BMP.h"
#include "OLED_Font.h"
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
//0.96寸OLED 屏幕简称SSD1106
//OLED的显存
//存放格式如下.
//[0]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[1]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[2]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[3]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[4]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[5]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[6]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[7]0 1 2 3 ... 127
#define OLED_RST_GPIO GPIOB
#define OLED_RST_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_14
#define OLED_DC_GPIO GPIOB
#define OLED_DC_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_15
#define OLED_SCLK_GPIO GPIOB
#define OLED_SCLK_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_12
#define OLED_SDIN_GPIO GPIOB
#define OLED_SDIN_GPIO_PIN GPIO_Pin_13
//CS
#define OLED_CS_Clr() //NOT USE
#define OLED_CS_Set() //NOT USE
//RES
#define OLED_RST_Clr() GPIO_ResetBits(OLED_RST_GPIO, OLED_RST_GPIO_PIN)
#define OLED_RST_Set() GPIO_SetBits(OLED_RST_GPIO,OLED_RST_GPIO_PIN)
//DC
#define OLED_DC_Clr() GPIO_ResetBits(OLED_DC_GPIO,OLED_DC_GPIO_PIN)
#define OLED_DC_Set() GPIO_SetBits(OLED_DC_GPIO,OLED_DC_GPIO_PIN)
//SCLK,D0
#define OLED_SCLK_Clr() GPIO_ResetBits(OLED_SCLK_GPIO,OLED_SCLK_GPIO_PIN)
#define OLED_SCLK_Set() GPIO_SetBits(OLED_SCLK_GPIO,OLED_SCLK_GPIO_PIN)
//SDIN,D1
#define OLED_SDIN_Clr() GPIO_ResetBits(OLED_SDIN_GPIO, OLED_SDIN_GPIO_PIN)
#define OLED_SDIN_Set() GPIO_SetBits(OLED_SDIN_GPIO ,OLED_SDIN_GPIO_PIN)
#define OLED_CMD 0 //写命令
#define OLED_DATA 1 //写数据
#if OLED_MODE==1
//向SSD1106写入一个字节。
//dat:要写入的数据/命令
//cmd:数据/命令标志 0,表示命令;1,表示数据;
void OLED_WR_Byte(unsigned char dat,unsigned char cmd)
{
DATAOUT(dat);
if(cmd)
OLED_DC_Set();
else
OLED_DC_Clr();
OLED_WR_Clr();
OLED_WR_Set();
OLED_DC_Set();
}
#else
//向SSD1106写入一个字节。
//dat:要写入的数据/命令
//cmd:数据/命令标志 0,表示命令;1,表示数据;
void OLED(void)
{
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 |GPIO_Pin_14|GPIO_Pin_15;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 |GPIO_Pin_14|GPIO_Pin_15);
}
void OLED_WR_Byte(unsigned char dat,unsigned char cmd)
{
unsigned char i;
if(cmd)
OLED_DC_Set();
else
OLED_DC_Clr();
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
OLED_SCLK_Clr();
if(dat&0x80)
OLED_SDIN_Set();
else
OLED_SDIN_Clr();
OLED_SCLK_Set();
dat<<=1;
}
OLED_DC_Set();
}
#endif
void OLED_Set_Pos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0+y,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(((x&0xf0)>>4)|0x10,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte((x&0x0f)|0x01,OLED_CMD);
}
//开启OLED显示
void OLED_Display_On(void)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0X8D,OLED_CMD); //SET DCDC命令
OLED_WR_Byte(0X14,OLED_CMD); //DCDC ON
OLED_WR_Byte(0XAF,OLED_CMD); //DISPLAY ON
}
//关闭OLED显示
void OLED_Display_Off(void)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0X8D,OLED_CMD); //SET DCDC命令
OLED_WR_Byte(0X10,OLED_CMD); //DCDC OFF
OLED_WR_Byte(0XAE,OLED_CMD); //DISPLAY OFF
}
//清屏函数,清完屏,整个屏幕是黑色的!和没点亮一样!!!
void OLED_Clear(void)
{
unsigned char i,n;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte (0xb0+i,OLED_CMD); //设置页地址(0~7)
OLED_WR_Byte (0x02,OLED_CMD); //设置显示位置—列低地址
OLED_WR_Byte (0x10,OLED_CMD); //设置显示位置—列高地址
for(n=0;n<128;n++)OLED_WR_Byte(0,OLED_DATA);
} //更新显示
}
//在指定位置显示一个字符,包括部分字符
//x:0~127
//y:0~63
//mode:0,反白显示;1,正常显示
//size:选择字体 16/12
void OLED_ShowChar(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char chr)
{
unsigned char c=0,i=0;
c=chr-' ';//得到偏移后的值
if(x>Max_Column-1){x=0;y=y+2;}
if(SIZE ==16)
{
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
OLED_WR_Byte(F8X16[c*16+i],OLED_DATA);
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
OLED_WR_Byte(F8X16[c*16+i+8],OLED_DATA);
}
else {
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
for(i=0;i<6;i++)
OLED_WR_Byte(F6x8[c][i],OLED_DATA);
}
}
//m^n函数
unsigned long oled_pow(unsigned char m,unsigned char n)
{
unsigned long result=1;
while(n--)result*=m;
return result;
}
//显示2个数字
//x,y :起点坐标
//len :数字的位数
//size:字体大小
//mode:模式 0,填充模式;1,叠加模式
//num:数值(0~4294967295);
void OLED_ShowNum(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned long num,unsigned char len,unsigned char size)
{
unsigned char t,temp;
unsigned char enshow=0;
for(t=0;t<len;t++)
{
temp=(num/oled_pow(10,len-t-1))%10;
if(enshow==0&&t<(len-1))
{
if(temp==0)
{
OLED_ShowChar(x+(size/2)*t,y,' ');
continue;
}else enshow=1;
}
OLED_ShowChar(x+(size/2)*t,y,temp+'0');
}
}
/**
* @brief 显示一个字符号串
* @param x : uint8_t 起点列坐标
* @param y : uint8_t 起点行坐标
* @param chr : uint8_t *字符串指针
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_ShowString(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *chr)
{
unsigned char j=0;
while (chr[j]!='\0')
{ OLED_ShowChar(x,y,chr[j]);
x+=8;
if(x>120){x=0;y+=2;}
j++;
}
}
//显示汉字
void OLED_ShowCHinese(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char no)
{
unsigned char t,adder=0;
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
for(t=0;t<16;t++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(Hzk[2*no][t],OLED_DATA);
adder+=1;
}
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
for(t=0;t<16;t++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(Hzk[2*no+1][t],OLED_DATA);
adder+=1;
}
}
/***********功能描述:显示显示BMP图片128×64起始点坐标(x,y),x的范围0~127,y为页的范围0~7*****************/
void OLED_DrawBMP(unsigned char x0, unsigned char y0,unsigned char x1, unsigned char y1,unsigned char BMP[])
{
unsigned int j=0;
unsigned char x,y;
if(y1%8==0) y=y1/8;
else y=y1/8+1;
for(y=y0;y<y1;y++)
{
OLED_Set_Pos(x0,y);
for(x=x0;x<x1;x++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(BMP[j++],OLED_DATA);
}
}
}
//初始化SH1106
void OLED_Init(void)
{
OLED();
//CS
// GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = OLED_CS_GPIO_PIN;
// GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
// GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
// GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
// HAL_GPIO_Init(OLED_CS_GPIO, &GPIO_InitStruct);
OLED_RST_Set();
OLED_RST_Clr();
Delay_ms(100);
OLED_RST_Set();
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAE,OLED_CMD);//--turn off oled panel
OLED_WR_Byte(0x02,OLED_CMD);//---set low column address
OLED_WR_Byte(0x10,OLED_CMD);//---set high column address
OLED_WR_Byte(0x40,OLED_CMD);//--set start line address Set Mapping RAM Display Start Line (0x00~0x3F)
OLED_WR_Byte(0x81,OLED_CMD);//--set contrast control register
OLED_WR_Byte(0xCF,OLED_CMD); // Set SEG Output Current Brightness
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA1,OLED_CMD);//--Set SEG/Column Mapping 0xa0左右反置 0xa1正常
OLED_WR_Byte(0xC8,OLED_CMD);//Set COM/Row Scan Direction 0xc0上下反置 0xc8正常
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA6,OLED_CMD);//--set normal display
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA8,OLED_CMD);//--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)
OLED_WR_Byte(0x3f,OLED_CMD);//--1/64 duty
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD3,OLED_CMD);//-set display offset Shift Mapping RAM Counter (0x00~0x3F)
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);//-not offset
OLED_WR_Byte(0xd5,OLED_CMD);//--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency
OLED_WR_Byte(0x80,OLED_CMD);//--set divide ratio, Set Clock as 100 Frames/Sec
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD9,OLED_CMD);//--set pre-charge period
OLED_WR_Byte(0xF1,OLED_CMD);//Set Pre-Charge as 15 Clocks & Discharge as 1 Clock
OLED_WR_Byte(0xDA,OLED_CMD);//--set com pins hardware configuration
OLED_WR_Byte(0x12,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0xDB,OLED_CMD);//--set vcomh
OLED_WR_Byte(0x40,OLED_CMD);//Set VCOM Deselect Level
OLED_WR_Byte(0x20,OLED_CMD);//-Set Page Addressing Mode (0x00/0x01/0x02)
OLED_WR_Byte(0x02,OLED_CMD);//
OLED_WR_Byte(0x8D,OLED_CMD);//--set Charge Pump enable/disable
OLED_WR_Byte(0x14,OLED_CMD);//--set(0x10) disable
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA4,OLED_CMD);// Disable Entire Display On (0xa4/0xa5)
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA6,OLED_CMD);// Disable Inverse Display On (0xa6/a7)
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAF,OLED_CMD);//--turn on oled panel
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAF,OLED_CMD); /*display ON*/
OLED_Clear();
OLED_Set_Pos(0,0);
}
7.4实物
8、测频率与占空比
8.1main
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "PWM.h"
#include "IC.h"
uint8_t i;
int main(void)
{
OLED_Init();
PWM_Init();
IC_Init();
OLED_ShowString(0,0,"Freq: Hz");
OLED_ShowString(0,3,"Duty: %");
PWM_SetPrescaler(7200-1);//Freq = 72M/(PSC+1)/100
PWM_SetCompare1(80); //Duty = CCR/100
while (1)
{
OLED_ShowNum(40,0,IC_GetFreq(),5,16);
OLED_ShowNum(40,3,IC_GetDuty(),2,16);
}
}
8.2 IC
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
void IC_Init(void)
{
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3,ENABLE);//开启APB1TIM3时钟函数
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
TIM_InternalClockConfig(TIM3);//选择时基单元的时钟
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructInit;
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit.TIM_ClockDivision=TIM_CKD_DIV1 ;//选择1分频,主要作用,滤波处理
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit.TIM_CounterMode=TIM_CounterMode_Up;//向上计数
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit.TIM_Period = 65536-1;//周期,ARR自动重装器的值(同PSC取值范围0~65535)
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit.TIM_Prescaler= 72 -1;//PSC预分频器的值
TIM_TimeBaseStructInit.TIM_RepetitionCounter=0;//重复计数器的值(高级定时器才有用)
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3,&TIM_TimeBaseStructInit);//初始化时基单元
//-------------输入捕获通道----------------
TIM_ICInitTypeDef TIM_ICInitStruct;
TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_1;//选择通道1
TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICFilter = 0xF;//输入捕获的滤波器(数越大滤波效果越好)
TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Rising ;//极性上升沿触发
TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1 ;//分频器
TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_DirectTI;//选择触发信号从那个引脚输入,直连输入
// TIM_ICInit(TIM3,&TIM_ICInitStruct);
//-------------通道2捕获同一引脚输入---------------
// TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_Channel = TIM_Channel_2;//选择通道2
// TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICFilter = 0xF;//输入捕获的滤波器(数越大滤波效果越好)
// TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICPolarity = TIM_ICPolarity_Falling ;//极性下降沿触发
// TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICPrescaler = TIM_ICPSC_DIV1 ;//分频器
// TIM_ICInitStruct.TIM_ICSelection = TIM_ICSelection_IndirectTI;//选择触发信号从那个引脚输入,交叉输入
// TIM_ICInit(TIM3,&TIM_ICInitStruct);
TIM_PWMIConfig(TIM3,&TIM_ICInitStruct);//作用同上,只支持通道1和通道2
//-------------配置TRGI的触发源为TI1FO1---------------
TIM_SelectInputTrigger(TIM3,TIM_TS_TI1FP1);
//--------------配置从模式为RESET-------------------
TIM_SelectSlaveMode(TIM3,TIM_SlaveMode_Reset);
TIM_Cmd(TIM3,ENABLE);//启动定时器
}
//------------获取频率------------
uint32_t IC_GetFreq(void)
{
return 1000000/(TIM_GetCapture1(TIM3)+1);
}
//-------获取占空比-------------
uint32_t IC_GetDuty(void)
{
return (TIM_GetCapture2(TIM3)+1)*100/(TIM_GetCapture1(TIM3));
}
8.3实物