绘制误差棒（使用可选的关键词参数**kwargs传参）

一，导入模块

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'SimHei'
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

二，导入数据

# 1.准备 x 轴和 y 轴的数据
x = np.arange(3)
y1 = np.array([2.04, 1.57, 1.63])
y2 = np.array([1.69, 1.61, 1.64])
y3 = np.array([4.65, 4.99, 4.94])
y4 = np.array([3.39, 2.33, 4.10])
 
# 2.指定测量偏差
error1 = [0.16, 0.08, 0.10]
error2 = [0.27, 0.14, 0.14]
error3 = [0.34, 0.32, 0.29]
error4 = [0.23, 0.23, 0.39]
bar_width = 0.2

三，绘制

# 3.绘制柱形图
plt.bar(x, y1, bar_width)
plt.bar(x + bar_width, y2, bar_width, tick_label=["春季", "夏季", "秋季"])
plt.bar(x + 2*bar_width, y3, bar_width)
plt.bar(x + 3*bar_width, y4, bar_width)
 
# 4.绘制误差棒 : 横杆大小为 3,  线条宽度为 2,  线条颜色为黑色, 数据点标记为,（像素点）,不绘制连接线
plt.errorbar(x,                y1, yerr=error1, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, fmt=',k')
plt.errorbar(x + bar_width,    y2, yerr=error2, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, fmt=',k')
plt.errorbar(x + 2*bar_width,  y3, yerr=error3, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, fmt=',k')
plt.errorbar(x + 3*bar_width,  y4, yerr=error4, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, fmt=',k')
plt.show()
 
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'SimHei'
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
 
# 1.准备 x 轴和 y 轴的数据
x = np.arange(3)
y1 = np.array([2.04, 1.57, 1.63])
y2 = np.array([1.69, 1.61, 1.64])
y3 = np.array([4.65, 4.99, 4.94])
y4 = np.array([3.39, 2.33, 4.10])
 
# 2.指定测量偏差
error1 = [0.16, 0.08, 0.10]
error2 = [0.27, 0.14, 0.14]
error3 = [0.34, 0.32, 0.29]
error4 = [0.23, 0.23, 0.39]
bar_width = 0.2
 
# 3.绘制柱形图
plt.bar(x, y1, bar_width)
plt.bar(x + bar_width, y2, bar_width, tick_label=["春季", "夏季", "秋季"])
plt.bar(x + 2*bar_width, y3, bar_width)
plt.bar(x + 3*bar_width, y4, bar_width)
 
# 4.绘制误差棒 : 横杆大小为 3,  线条宽度为 2,  线条颜色为黑色, 数据点标记为,（像素点）,不绘制连接线
plt.errorbar(x,                y1, yerr=error1, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, fmt=',k')
plt.errorbar(x + bar_width,    y2, yerr=error2, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, fmt=',k')
plt.errorbar(x + 2*bar_width,  y3, yerr=error3, capsize=3, elinewidth=2, fmt=',k')
plt.errorbar(x + 3*bar_width,  y4, yerr=error4, capsize=3, elinewid
plt.show()

四，结果展示