第一章------实验一更进

一、实验拓扑

二、实验要求

1、R6为ISP，接口IP地址均为公有地址，该设备只能配置IP地址，之后不能再对其进行任何配置；

2、R1-R5为局域网，私有IP地址192.168.1.0/24，请合理分配；

3、R1、R2、R4，各有两个环回IP地址；R5,R6各有一个环回地址；所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口；

4、R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址；

5、选路最佳，路由表尽量小，避免环路；

6、R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回；

7、R6 telnet R5的公有地址时，实际登录到R1上；

8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100m链路；

三、实验思路

1.IP地址划分

汇总网段：192.168.1.0/24

由已知，共需要划分14个子网段，划分如下：

192.168.1.0/27——作为骨干链路，划出6个网段：

192.168.1.0/30       192.168.1.4/30       192.168.1.8/30

    192.168.1.12/30      192.168.1.16/30      192.168.1.20/30

192.168.1.32/27——作为R1的环回网段，划出2个环回网段：

    192.168.1.32/28      192.168.1.48/28

192.168.1.64/27——作为R2的环回网段，划出2个环回网段：

    192.168.1.64/28      192.168.1.80/28

192.168.1.128/27——作为R4的环回网段，划出2个环回网段：

    192.168.1.128/28     192.168.1.144/28

192.168.1.96/27——作为R3下面的网段

192.168.1.160/27——作为R5的环回网段，划出一个环回子网段：

192.168.160/28

2.配置IP地址

    给路由器每个接口在相应网段配置IP地址:

直连网段IP：int g0/0/?

           Ip address 192.168.1.?

给环回网段接口配置IP地址：

    Int L1/L2

    Ip address 192.168.1.?

3.设置DHCP自动获取IP地址

   打开DHCP服务：dhcp enable

    创建地址池：ip pool aa

              Network 192.168.1.96 mask 27

              Gateway-list 192.168.1.96

              Dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8

    进入接口开启DHCP功能：ip address 192.168.1.96 27

                         Dhcp select global

4.缺省路由

为避免环路、路由条目过于繁多，配置缺省路由

    Ip route-static 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2

5、私网访问公网IP

   在边缘路由器——R5上进行配置

   使用acl控制流量

        Acl 2000

        Rule 5 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

    进入接口：nat outbound 2000

6、telent远程登录

在R1上开启telent服务并设置密码123456，以及允许同时登入的设备数

    Aaa

    Local-user zlm privilege level 15 password cipher 123456

    Local-user zlm service-type telent

    User-interface vty 0 4

    Authentication-mode aaa

在R5上开启telent登录

    进入接口

    Nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 inside 192.168.1.1 23

7、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100m链路；

        降低100M的链路优先值：

        R4-R5：Ip route-satic 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.21 preference 65

        R5-R4：Ip route-satic 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.22 preference 65

四、实验步骤

1.配置IP地址

R1

[Huawei]int g0/0/0

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ip address 192.168.1.1 30

[Huawei]int g0/0/1

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30

R2

[Huawei]int g0/0/0

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30

R3

[Huawei]int g0/0/0

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.97 27

R4

[Huawei]int g0/0/0

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] int g0/0/1

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.17 30

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]ip address 192.168.1.21 30

R5

[Huawei]int g0/0/0

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 30

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.22 30

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.0.0.1 24

R6

[Huawei]int g0/0/0

[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.0.0.2 24

2.配置环回路由和静态

[R1]interface LoopBack 0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 28

[R1-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1

[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28

[R2]interface LoopBack 0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28

[R2-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1

[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28

[R4]interface LoopBack 0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28

[R4-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1

[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28

[R5]interface LoopBack 0

[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.161 28

[R6]interface LoopBack 0

[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24

R1

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2

R2

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.1

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.6

R3

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.14

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14

R4

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.13

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5

R5

[r5]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 12.0.0.2

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.121

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17

3.DHCP自动获取

[R3]dhcp enable

Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.

[R3]ip pool aa

Info:It's successful to create an IP address pool.

[R3-ip-pool-aa]net 

[R3-ip-pool-aa]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27

[R3-ip-pool-aa]gateway-list 192.168.1.97

[R3-ip-pool-aa]int g0/0/2

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global

4.避免环路，做缺省路由

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 NULL 0

[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.2

5.R1-R5均可访问R6，设置acl

[r5]acl 2000

[r5-acl-basic-2000]rul  

[r5-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 per  

[r5-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit so 

[r5-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

[r5-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/1

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat ou 

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000

6.telent远程登录

[r1]aaa

[r1-aaa]lo 

[r1-aaa]local-user adm  

[r1-aaa]local-user admin p  

[r1-aaa]local-user admin pr 

[r1-aaa]local-user zlm privilege le  

[r1-aaa]local-user zlm privilege level 15 pa 

[r1-aaa]local-user zlm privilege level 15 password ci

[r1-aaa]local-user zlm privilege level 15 password cipher 123456

Info: Add a new user.

[r1-aaa]loc

[r1-aaa]local-user zlm se

[r1-aaa]local-user zlm service-type t

[r1-aaa]local-user zlm service-type telnet

[r1-aaa]u  

[r1-aaa]us 

[r1-aaa]user-i 

[r1-aaa]user-interface vty 0 4

[r1-ui-vty0-4]au

[r1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa

[r1-ui-vty0-4]int g0/0/1

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat se 

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server pr   

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol t

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp g

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global c 

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 ins

   

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 inside 192.168.1.1 23

Warning:The port 23 is well-known port. If you continue it may cause function failure.

Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]:y

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

[r1]q

7.设置R4-R5的链路优先级提高100Mb链路的优先级：

[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22 preference 61

Info: Succeeded in modifying route.

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.21 preference 61

Info: Succeeded in modifying route.

五、实验结果

R5 ping R1

Pc1 ping R6