Storage Driver: devicemapper
Pool Name: docker-253:0-1792087-pool
Pool Blocksize: 65.54 kB
Base Device Size: 10.74 GB
Backing Filesystem: xfs
Data file: /dev/loop0
Metadata file: /dev/loop1
Data Space Used: 1.083 GB
Data Space Total: 107.4 GB
Data Space Available: 25.5 GB
Metadata Space Used: 1.278 MB
Metadata Space Total: 2.147 GB
Metadata Space Available: 2.146 GB
Udev Sync Supported: true
Deferred Removal Enabled: false
Deferred Deletion Enabled: false
Deferred Deleted Device Count: 0
Data loop file: /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/devicemapper/data
WARNING: Usage of loopback devices is strongly discouraged for production use. Either use --storage-opt dm.thinpooldev
or use --storage-opt dm.no_warn_on_loop_devices=true
to suppress this warning.
Metadata loop file: /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/devicemapper/metadata
Library Version: 1.02.107-RHEL7 (2016-06-09)
Execution Driver: native-0.2
Logging Driver: journald
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge null host
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-327.28.2.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
Number of Docker Hooks: 2
CPUs: 16
Total Memory: 15.66 GiB
Name: localhost.localdomain
ID: TWV7:7OXE:GGAN:MYFO:ERWM:FC2G:KCWJ:LSU6:TA4Y:Q6J6:ZK3I:GDB4
WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled
WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled
Registries: docker.io (secure)
=========================================================================
搜索可用的centos的docker镜像
[root@localhost /]# docker search centos//搜索centos镜像
INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
docker.io docker.io/centos The official build of CentOS. 2531 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/ansible/centos7-ansible Ansible on Centos7 82 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/jdeathe/centos-ssh CentOS-6 6.8 x86_64 / CentOS-7 7.2.1511 x8… 27 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/nimmis/java-centos This is docker images of CentOS 7 with dif… 13 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/million12/centos-supervisor Base CentOS-7 with supervisord launcher, h… 12 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/gluster/gluster-centos Official GlusterFS Image [ CentOS7 + Glus… 11 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/torusware/speedus-centos Always updated official CentOS docker imag… 8 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/nickistre/centos-lamp LAMP on centos setup 4 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/nathonfowlie/centos-jre Latest CentOS image with the JRE pre-insta… 3 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/consol/sakuli-centos-xfce Sakuli end-2-end testing and monitoring co… 2 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 1 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/darksheer/centos Base Centos Image – Updated hourly 1 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/harisekhon/centos-java Java on CentOS (OpenJDK, tags jre/jdk7-8) 1 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/timhughes/centos Centos with systemd installed and running 1 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/aguamala/centos CentOS base image 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/dmglab/centos CentOS with some extras - This is for the … 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/grayzone/centos auto build for centos. 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/grossws/centos CentOS 6 and 7 base images with gosu and l… 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/harisekhon/centos-scala Scala + CentOS (OpenJDK tags 2.10-jre7 - 2… 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/januswel/centos yum update-ed CentOS image 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/jsmigel/centos-epel Docker base image of CentOS w/ EPEL installed 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/kz8s/centos Official CentOS plus epel-release 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/repositoryjp/centos Docker Image for CentOS. 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/smartentry/centos CentOS with smartentry 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/ustclug/centos USTC centos 0 [OK]
构建docker镜像:
docker pull centos:laster
慢慢的等待镜像文件的下载。下载完可以通过如下命令查看镜像
docker images //查看镜像信息
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/centos 7.2.1511 686672a1d0cc 5 weeks ago 194.6 MB
通过docker run来启动镜像,同时会创建一个容器,看下docker run的启动命令:
[root@localhost /]# docker run --help
Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG…]
Run a command in a new container
-a, --attach=[] Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
–add-host=[] Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
–blkio-weight Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000
–blkio-weight-device=[] Block IO weight (relative device weight)
–cpu-shares CPU shares (relative weight)
–cap-add=[] Add Linux capabilities
–cap-drop=[] Drop Linux capabilities
–cgroup-parent Optional parent cgroup for the container
–cidfile Write the container ID to the file
–cpu-period Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
–cpu-quota Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
–cpuset-cpus CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
–cpuset-mems MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID
–detach-keys Override the key sequence for detaching a container
–device=[] Add a host device to the container
–device-read-bps=[] Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device
–device-read-iops=[] Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device
–device-write-bps=[] Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device
–device-write-iops=[] Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device
–disable-content-trust=true Skip image verification
–dns=[] Set custom DNS servers
–dns-opt=[] Set DNS options
–dns-search=[] Set custom DNS search domains
-e, --env=[] Set environment variables
–entrypoint Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
–env-file=[] Read in a file of environment variables
–expose=[] Expose a port or a range of ports
–group-add=[] Add additional groups to join
-h, --hostname Container host name
–help Print usage
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
–ip Container IPv4 address (e.g. 172.30.100.104)
–ip6 Container IPv6 address (e.g. 2001:db8::33)
–ipc IPC namespace to use
–isolation Container isolation level
–kernel-memory Kernel memory limit
-l, --label=[] Set meta data on a container
–label-file=[] Read in a line delimited file of labels
–link=[] Add link to another container
–log-driver Logging driver for container
–log-opt=[] Log driver options
-m, --memory Memory limit
–mac-address Container MAC address (e.g. 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
–memory-reservation Memory soft limit
–memory-swap Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: ‘-1’ to enable unlimited swap
–memory-swappiness=-1 Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100)
–name Assign a name to the container
–net=default Connect a container to a network
–net-alias=[] Add network-scoped alias for the container
–oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer
–oom-score-adj Tune host’s OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
-P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports
-p, --publish=[] Publish a container’s port(s) to the host
–pid PID namespace to use
–privileged Give extended privileges to this container
–read-only Mount the container’s root filesystem as read only
–restart=no Restart policy to apply when a container exits
–rm Automatically remove the container when it exits
–security-opt=[] Security Options
–shm-size Size of /dev/shm, default value is 64MB
–sig-proxy=true Proxy received signals to the process
–stop-signal=SIGTERM Signal to stop a container, SIGTERM by default
–sysctl=map[] Sysctl options
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
–tmpfs=[] Mount a tmpfs directory
-u, --user Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
–ulimit=[] Ulimit options
–uts UTS namespace to use
-v, --volume=[] Bind mount a volume
–volume-driver Optional volume driver for the container
–volumes-from=[] Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
-w, --workdir Working directory inside the container
启动并创建一个交互式的docker容器:
[root@localhost /]# docker run -ti -d 686672a1d0cc
//-d为后台启动
通过docker ps 来查看当前运行的容器,看下docker ps的相关指令:
[root@localhost /]# docker ps --help
Usage: docker ps [OPTIONS]
List containers
-a, --all Show all containers (default shows just running)
-f, --filter=[] Filter output based on conditions provided
–format Pretty-print containers using a Go template
–help Print usage
-l, --latest Show the latest created container (includes all states)
-n=-1 Show n last created containers (includes all states)
–no-trunc Don’t truncate output
-q, --quiet Only display numeric IDs
-s, --size Display total file sizes
[root@localhost /]# docker ps//查看当前正在运行的容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7d95b3df8674 686672a1d0cc “/bin/bash” 5 hours ago Up About an hour admiring_kowalevski
[root@localhost /]# docker ps -a//查看所有的容器信息
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7d95b3df8674 686672a1d0cc “/bin/bash” 5 hours ago Up About an hour admiring_kowalevski
1b4ac575eda0 686672a1d0cc “/bin/bash” 23 hours ago Exited (137) About an hour ago elated_turing
通过docker start,docker stop来启动和停止容器:
[root@localhost /]# docker start --help
Usage: docker start [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER…]
Start one or more stopped containers
-a, --attach Attach STDOUT/STDERR and forward signals
–detach-keys Override the key sequence for detaching a container
–help Print usage
-i, --interactive Attach container’s STDIN
[root@localhost /]# docker stop --help
Usage: docker stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER…]
Stop a running container.
Sending SIGTERM and then SIGKILL after a grace period
–help Print usage
-t, --time=10 Seconds to wait for stop before killing it
[root@localhost /]# docker restart --help
Usage: docker restart [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER…]
Restart a container
–help Print usage
-t, --time=10 Seconds to wait for stop before killing the container
使用docker exec 可以进入到已经启动的容器中,低版本的docker可能不行。
[root@localhost Desktop]# docker exec -ti 7d95b3df8674 /bin/bash
[root@7d95b3df8674 /]#
容器的工作是建立在镜像的基础之上的,如果需要删除镜像的话,需要先删除使用该镜像的容器,然后才能删除镜像,否则删除镜像的时候,会有如下的类似的错误信息提示:Failed to remove image
(e7b): Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete e7b2de517efa (must be forced) - image is being used by stopped container 4fbc3cd00987,可以通过docker rm删除容器,docker rmi 删除镜像。
[root@localhost /]# docker rm --help
Usage: docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER…]
Remove one or more containers
-f, --force Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)
–help Print usage
-l, --link Remove the specified link
-v, --volumes Remove the volumes associated with the container
[root@localhost /]# docker rmi --help
Usage: docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE…]
Remove one or more images
-f, --force Force removal of the image
–help Print usage
–no-prune Do not delete untagged parents
删除停止的容器
docker rm $(docker ps --all -q -f status=exited)
删除没有使用的镜像
docker rmi -f $(docker images | grep “” | awk “{print $3}”)
批量删除容器
docker ps -a | awk ‘{print $1}’ | xargs docker rm
批量删除镜像
docker images | awk ‘{print $3}’ | xargs docker rmi
持久化容器与镜像
1.通过容器生成新的镜像
运行中的镜像称为容器。你可以修改容器(比如删除一个文件),但这些修改不会影响到镜像。不过,你使用docker commit 命令可以把一个正在运行的容器变成一个新的镜像。
docker commit [repo:tag] 将一个container固化为一个新的image,后面的repo:tag可选。
2.持久化容器
docker export用于持久化容器。
[root@localhost /]# docker export --help
Usage: docker export [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Export a container’s filesystem as a tar archive
–help Print usage
-o, --output Write to a file, instead of STDOUT
[root@localhost /]# docker export container.tar
======================================================================
docker save用于持久化镜像:
[root@localhost /]# docker save --help
Usage: docker save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE…]
Save an image(s) to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
–help Print usage
-o, --output Write to a file, instead of STDOUT
[root@localhost /]# docker save image.tar
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