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输入的图像需要是边缘检测后的结果，minLineLengh(线的最短长度，比这个短的都被忽略)和MaxLineCap（两条直线之间的最大间隔，小于此值，认为是一条直线）。rho距离精度,theta角度精度,threshod超过设定阈值才被检测出线段。
def draw\_lines(self,image, lines, color=[255, 0, 0], thickness=2, make_copy=True):
# 过滤霍夫变换检测到直线
if make_copy:
image = np.copy(image)
cleaned = []
for line in lines:
for x1,y1,x2,y2 in line:
if abs(y2-y1) <=1 and abs(x2-x1) >=25 and abs(x2-x1) <= 55:
cleaned.append((x1,y1,x2,y2))
cv2.line(image, (x1, y1), (x2, y2), color, thickness)
print(" No lines detected: ", len(cleaned))
return image
这里面对检测到的霍夫直线继续做一个过滤的操作，如果直线的长度大于25，小于55，我们就添加到列表当中，并且设定一条直线的左右端点坐标的差值不能超过1.这样的直线我们通通过滤出来。
这里检测的结果如图，这里因为车厂里有很多车，如果是一个空车场的话，检测的结果会非常好。做完检测之后，我们想要的是对于停车场的12列，我们对每一列都进行一个提取操作，比如我们得到12列之后，然后我们在对每一列分出具体的一个一个车位。然后对于第一列和第十二列这种单车位，和其他列的双车位的处理方法还是不同的，具体的我们来看一下。
def identify\_blocks(self,image, lines, make_copy=True):
if make_copy:
new_image = np.copy(image)
#Step 1: 过滤部分直线
cleaned = []
for line in lines:
for x1,y1,x2,y2 in line:
if abs(y2-y1) <=1 and abs(x2-x1) >=25 and abs(x2-x1) <= 55:
cleaned.append((x1,y1,x2,y2))
首先我们还是过滤掉一些直线。
import operator
list1 = sorted(cleaned, key=operator.itemgetter(0, 1))
对于这十二列，每一列的左上角的坐标点我们是可以得到x1-x12的我们要对这些列进行一次排序操作。让计算机识别出哪一列是第一列，哪一列是第十二列。
clusters = {}
dIndex = 0
clus_dist = 10
for i in range(len(list1) - 1):
distance = abs(list1[i+1][0] - list1[i][0])
if distance <= clus_dist:
if not dIndex in clusters.keys(): clusters[dIndex] = []
clusters[dIndex].append(list1[i])
clusters[dIndex].append(list1[i + 1])
else:
dIndex += 1
这里就是做了一下对于所有排序好的直线进行了一个归类操作，把哪些直线归为一列。并且进行添加。直到把每一列都进行分出来。
rects = {}
i = 0
for key in clusters:
all_list = clusters[key]
cleaned = list(set(all_list))#一列中的所有直线的坐标信息
if len(cleaned) > 5:
cleaned = sorted(cleaned, key=lambda tup: tup[1])#对直线进行排序
avg_y1 = cleaned[0][1]#这个对于一列来说是固定的
avg_y2 = cleaned[-1][1]#这个对于一列来说是固定的
avg_x1 = 0
avg_x2 = 0
for tup in cleaned:
avg_x1 += tup[0]
avg_x2 += tup[2]
avg_x1 = avg_x1/len(cleaned)
avg_x2 = avg_x2/len(cleaned)
rects[i] = (avg_x1, avg_y1, avg_x2, avg_y2)
i += 1
print("Num Parking Lanes: ", len(rects))
然后我们对每一列进行操作，把每一列的每一个车位的所有坐标信息提取出来。然后再通过得到的坐标及进行画出来这个矩形。
buff = 7#微调数值
for key in rects:
tup_topLeft = (int(rects[key][0] - buff), int(rects[key][1]))
tup_botRight = (int(rects[key][2] + buff), int(rects[key][3]))
cv2.rectangle(new_image, tup_topLeft,tup_botRight,(0,255,0),3)
return new_image, rects
我们在这个期间又对矩形进行了手动微调。
def draw\_parking(self,image, rects, make_copy = True, color=[255, 0, 0], thickness=2, save = True):
if make_copy:
new_image = np.copy(image)
gap = 15.5#车位间的差距是15.5
spot_dict = {} # 字典：一个车位对应一个位置
tot_spots = 0
#微调
adj_y1 = {0: 20, 1:-10, 2:0, 3:-11, 4:28, 5:5, 6:-15, 7:-15, 8:-10, 9:-30, 10:9, 11:-32}
adj_y2 = {0: 30, 1: 50, 2:15, 3:10, 4:-15, 5:15, 6:15, 7:-20, 8:15, 9:15, 10:0, 11:30}
adj_x1 = {0: -8, 1:-15, 2:-15, 3:-15, 4:-15, 5:-15, 6:-15, 7:-15, 8:-10, 9:-10, 10:-10, 11:0}
adj_x2 = {0: 0, 1: 15, 2:15, 3:15, 4:15, 5:15, 6:15, 7:15, 8:10, 9:10, 10:10, 11:0}
for key in rects:
tup = rects[key]
x1 = int(tup[0]+ adj_x1[key])
x2 = int(tup[2]+ adj_x2[key])
y1 = int(tup[1] + adj_y1[key])
y2 = int(tup[3] + adj_y2[key])
cv2.rectangle(new_image, (x1, y1),(x2,y2),(0,255,0),2)
num_splits = int(abs(y2-y1)//gap)
for i in range(0, num_splits+1):
y = int(y1 + i\*gap)
cv2.line(new_image, (x1, y), (x2, y), color, thickness)
if key > 0 and key < len(rects) -1 :
#竖直线
x = int((x1 + x2)/2)
cv2.line(new_image, (x, y1), (x, y2), color, thickness)
# 计算数量
if key == 0 or key == (len(rects) -1):
tot_spots += num_splits +1
else:
tot_spots += 2\*(num_splits +1)
# 字典对应好
if key == 0 or key == (len(rects) -1):
for i in range(0, num_splits+1):
cur_len = len(spot_dict)
y = int(y1 + i\*gap)
spot_dict[(x1, y, x2, y+gap)] = cur_len +1
else:
for i in range(0, num_splits+1):
cur_len = len(spot_dict)
y = int(y1 + i\*gap)
x = int((x1 + x2)/2)
spot_dict[(x1, y, x, y+gap)] = cur_len +1
spot_dict[(x, y, x2, y+gap)] = cur_len +2
print("total parking spaces: ", tot_spots, cur_len)
if save:
filename = 'with\_parking.jpg'
cv2.imwrite(filename, new_image)
return new_image, spot_dict
处理的结果是：
这里我们把所有车位都划分出来了。
然后我们想要通过使用keras神经网络对车位有没有车进行一个学习！让神经网络预测到底车位到底有没有车。整个keras神经网络的训练过程如下。我们使用的是VGG16网络进行训练做一个二分类的任务，也就是车位有没有车。对于车位的训练图像我们可以看一下。通过这一代码我们对车位有无车进行提取。
def save\_images\_for\_cnn(self,image, spot_dict, folder_name ='cnn\_data'):
for spot in spot_dict.keys():
(x1, y1, x2, y2) = spot
(x1, y1, x2, y2) = (int(x1), int(y1), int(x2), int(y2))
#裁剪
spot_img = image[y1:y2, x1:x2]
spot_img = cv2.resize(spot_img, (0,0), fx=2.0, fy=2.0)
spot_id = spot_dict[spot]
filename = 'spot' + str(spot_id) +'.jpg'
print(spot_img.shape, filename, (x1,x2,y1,y2))
cv2.imwrite(os.path.join(folder_name, filename), spot_img)
这里是车位没有车，那么有车的如下。
files_train = 0
files_validation = 0
cwd = os.getcwd()
folder = 'train\_data/train'
for sub_folder in os.listdir(folder):
path, dirs, files = next(os.walk(os.path.join(folder,sub_folder)))
files_train += len(files)
folder = 'train\_data/test'
for sub_folder in os.listdir(folder):
path, dirs, files = next(os.walk(os.path.join(folder,sub_folder)))
files_validation += len(files)
print(files_train,files_validation)
img_width, img_height = 48, 48
train_data_dir = "train\_data/train"
validation_data_dir = "train\_data/test"
nb_train_samples = files_train
nb_validation_samples = files_validation
batch_size = 32
epochs = 15
num_classes = 2
model = applications.VGG16(weights='imagenet', include_top=False, input_shape = (img_width, img_height, 3))
for layer in model.layers[:10]:
layer.trainable = False
x = model.output
x = Flatten()(x)
predictions = Dense(num_classes, activation="softmax")(x)
model_final = Model(input = model.input, output = predictions)
model_final.compile(loss = "categorical\_crossentropy",
optimizer = optimizers.SGD(lr=0.0001, momentum=0.9),
metrics=["accuracy"])
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
rescale = 1./255,
horizontal_flip = True,
fill_mode = "nearest",
zoom_range = 0.1,
width_shift_range = 0.1,
height_shift_range=0.1,
rotation_range=5)
test_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
rescale = 1./255,
horizontal_flip = True,
fill_mode = "nearest",
zoom_range = 0.1,
width_shift_range = 0.1,
height_shift_range=0.1,
rotation_range=5)
train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
train_data_dir,
target_size = (img_height, img_width),
batch_size = batch_size,
class_mode = "categorical")
validation_generator = test_datagen.flow_from_directory(
validation_data_dir,
target_size = (img_height, img_width),
class_mode = "categorical")
checkpoint = ModelCheckpoint("car1.h5", monitor='val\_acc', verbose=1, save_best_only=True, save_weights_only=False, mode='auto', period=1)
early = EarlyStopping(monitor='val\_acc', min_delta=0, patience=10, verbose=1, mode='auto')
history_object = model_final.fit_generator(
train_generator,
samples_per_epoch = nb_train_samples,
epochs = epochs,
validation_data = validation_generator,
nb_val_samples = nb_validation_samples,
callbacks = [checkpoint, early])
这里我们使用了卷积神经网络对有无车位进行训练，通过神经网络的训练我们就开始对一帧图像进行判断。得到的结果是：
def make\_prediction(self,image,model,class_dictionary):#预测
#预处理
img = image/255.
#转换成4D tensor
image = np.expand_dims(img, axis=0)
# 用训练好的模型进行训练
class_predicted = model.predict(image)
inID = np.argmax(class_predicted[0])
label = class_dictionary[inID]
return label
def predict\_on\_image(self,image, spot_dict , model,class_dictionary,make_copy=True, color = [0, 255, 0], alpha=0.5):
if make_copy:
new_image = np.copy(image)
overlay = np.copy(image)
self.cv_show('new\_image',new_image)
cnt_empty = 0
all_spots = 0
for spot in spot_dict.keys():
all_spots += 1
(x1, y1, x2, y2) = spot
(x1, y1, x2, y2) = (int(x1), int(y1), int(x2), int(y2))
**既有适合小白学习的零基础资料，也有适合3年以上经验的小伙伴深入学习提升的进阶课程，涵盖了95%以上大数据知识点，真正体系化！**
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[外链图片转存中...(img-kvFHwWYh-1715833993616)]
[外链图片转存中...(img-W6wW2YlT-1715833993616)]
**既有适合小白学习的零基础资料，也有适合3年以上经验的小伙伴深入学习提升的进阶课程，涵盖了95%以上大数据知识点，真正体系化！**
**由于文件比较多，这里只是将部分目录截图出来，全套包含大厂面经、学习笔记、源码讲义、实战项目、大纲路线、讲解视频，并且后续会持续更新**
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